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« IS «

( H i JjUU JUl-fY .)

- at -

t

\J.\

19. Smith, Adam, Wealth of Nations, 1, 73.
30. Mantoux, 439; Smith, 60.

11. Ashton, 103.
11. Mantoux, 70.

i}. Arthur Young in TurberviUc, Johnson's
England, 1, 218.

24. Muller-Lyer, F-, Hhtory of Social Devel-
opment, it 1.

25. Mantoux, 410.

20. Ibid., 42 1,

27. Barnes. H. E„ Economic History of the

Western World, 311,
18, Webb, Sidney and Beatrice, History of

Trade Unionism, $«.

29. Ashton, 235.

30. Traill, H. D„ Sockl England, V, 336'
ii. Mantoux, 411.

js. Ibid., 413.

«• 4'3-

14. Leckv. H«ror.v of England, HI, t35"3 6 -
3?. Smith, W V*M of Nations, I, 59.
36. Ropers, J. E. T., Six Centuries of Work
end Wages, 89.

CHAPTER XXVII

1 . Shakespeare, Richard 11, Act II, Sc. i.

2. Nussbaum, History of the Economic In-
stitutions of Modern Europe, 130.

3. Marnier, Sir Lewis, Crossroads of Power,

4. Ashton, T. S., Economic History of Eng-
land, 179.

5. Wsnson, J. S., Reign of George 111, 28.

6. Nussbaum, 73.

7. Hammond, J. L. and Barbara, The Vil-
lage Labourer, 17.

8. Usher, A. P„ An lntrod. to the Indus-
trial History of England, 313.

9. Quennell, M. and C History of Every-
day Things in England, 79.

ia. Mantoux, Paul, The Industrial Revolu-
tion in the iSth Century, 158.

1 1 . Samuel Smiles, Lives of the Engineers, in
History Today, April, 1956, j6j.

12. lbid~, 263, 165.

13. The Age of Voltaire, 517,

14. Mantoux, 316,

15. Usher, lntrod, to Industrial History, 3*6.
i<5. Bos well, Life of Jolmson, $98-

17. Lipson, E„ Grovstk of English Society,
19a.

18. Mantoux, 385; George, London Life, aoo-
?■

CHAPTER XXVIII

I. George, M. D„ England in Transition,
218 i.

:. Ibid., 119.

3. 318.

4. Namier, Structure of Politics at the Ac-
cession of Qeorge 111, 80.

5. New CMH, VII, 245.

6. Leckv, History of England, III, 171.

7. Wilson, P. W„ William Pitt the Younger,
6.

8. Plumb, J. H* Men and Places, it,

9. Namier, Structure of Politics, 77-79,

10, lbid^ 150.

11. Leckv, III, 171.

11. Blackstonc, Sir W„ Comtnentaries on tht
Laws of England, 17 (p. jo of orig. *d.),

13. Namier, Crossroads of Power, 133.

14. Thackerav. The Four Georges, 01.

15. CI, Burcerfield, George 111 and the His-
torians, 175; Morley, John, Burke: a His-
torical Study, 9.

16. Leckv, III, 1 i ; Namier in History Today,
September, 1953, p. 615.

17. Watson, J. S., The Reign of George 111,
6.

18. Age of Voltaire, Ch. iii, Sec. ix; present
volume, Ch. ii. Sees. 11, iv,

19. Walpole, Horace, Memoirs of tht Reign
of George 111,11, 331.

20. Burke, Edmund, speech on American
Taxation, in Speeches and letters on
American Affairs, j8.

II. Burkt, Vindication of Natural Society, 9-
«■ Ibid.

23, 11-10.
»4. 20.

ij. xi.
ao. 44.
17. XI.
28. 48.
19. JO.

jo. Morley, John,' Burke , 13.
ji. Vindication, 4 (preface).
32. Burke, 0» Tone, anrf On rixr Sublime
and Beautiful, 45 f.

33- #«*•

34- 93-

35- «•

36. Macaulay, Essays, 1, 454.

37. Morley, Burke, 30.

38. /Wd., 104.

39. BosweU, Journal of a Tour to tbe Hebri-
des, 141.

40. Stephen, Sir Leslie, History of English
Thought in tbe iSth Century, 1, 21;.

41. Parliamentary History, XXXVH, 363, in
Buckle, H. T., An Introd. to the History
of Civilization in England, 1, 317.

41. Piozzi. Hester Thralc, Anecdotes of the
Late Samuel Johnson, 138.

43. Morley, Burke, 107.

44. In Cambridge History of English Litera-
ture, XI, 9.

4$. Enc, Brit., XI, 644CI.

46. Moore, Thomas, Memoirs of tbe Life of
, Sberidati, I, 78.

47. Drinkwater, John, Charles James Fox, 9,
11,

48. StaeX Mm*, de, Germany, 1, 177.

49. Thackeray, Four Georges, 87.

50. Enc. Brit^ IX, 568b.
ji. Drinkwater, 195.

jx. Walpole, Horace, Letters, Feb. 4, 1778.
jj. Lecky, III, 468.
j4. Gibbon, Edward, Memoirs, $4.
jj. National Gallery, London; Dulwich Col-
lege; National tiallery, Washington,
jfi, Moore, Sheridan, 1, 17.
j7. Tbe Rivals, Act I, Sc. ii.
jB. Ibid., Ill, iii.
jo. In Taine, H, English Literature, jjj.

60. Enc. flrir., XVII, 973b.

61. Wilson, P. W„ William fin, 5 8.

6a. Dorn, W. L„ Competition for Empire,

75-

63. Walpole, letter of Oct. 31, 1760.

64. Laslu, Harold, Political Thought m Eng-
land, Locke to Bentham, 144.

65. Butterfidd, George III, 173-

66. Lecky, HI, 61.

♦7, Macaulay, Essays, 1, 431.
fi8. Wilson, William Pitt, 44.

69. Gibbon, Edward, jpirmal, 145,

70. Enc. Bra., XXIH, 6o»b.

71. im.

71. Sherwin, A Qemiematt of Wit and Fash-
ion: The Life and Time: of George Set-

-.ryti, .;7-V3.

73. Jefferson, D. W M Eigbteentb-Ctmury
Prose, 140.

74. Walpole, Memoirs of Reign of George
III, 1, 148.

7$. Enc. Brit^ XXIII, 603d.

76. Walpole, Reign of George III, L *63.

77. BosweU on the Grand Tour: Italy, Cor-
sica and France, 5.

78. Walpole, Reign of George III, III, 139.

79. Lecky. III. 151.

80. S. AiacCoby, ed., Tbe English Radical
Tradition, 2.

81. Lecky. Ill, 171-76.
8». Ibid., 151.

83. MacCoby, 1.

84. Leck\>lil, 1J3.

85. Junius, Letters, 3^.

86. Junius, letter of Nov. 29, 1769.

87. Letters, pp. 1 34, 148.

88. Ibid., p. 19.

89. Lecky, 1L 468.

90. Walpole. Reign of George HI, IV, 78;
Leckv, III, 143.

91. MacCobv, 31.

qx. Eve, Brit „ XXIIl,6oid.
93. CMH, VIII. 714.
04. Lecky, III, 168.

95. Ibid., 300.

96. Watson, Reign of George III, 174.

97. Ashton, ij8; Traill, V. nj.

98. Hammond, J. L. and Barbara, Rise of
Modern Industry, 3*.

99. Lecky, III, 299.

00. Drinkwater, 94.

01. GWH.VIILfji.

02. Lecky, III, 331.

03. Beard. Charles -and Mar)\ Rise of Amer-
ican CwUisatum, 1, 111.

04. Peterson, Houston, Treasury of tbe
World's Great Speeches, 102-22.

oj. Lecky, III, 530.
o<S. Itid n jji.

07- 545-

08. Peterson, 143-46.

09. C/i£,IX,6\

10. Sherwin, aoj.

11. Burke, Speeches and Letters on American
Affairs, 84.

12. Ibid., 118-19.

13. Drinkwater, 145.

14. Walpole, letter of Sept, 1 1, (775.
ij. Lecky, IV, 81.

16. ChurcbilL Sir Winston, History of the
English-Speaking Peoples, IX 116,

17. Lecky, IV, m.

18. Nartuer, Crossroads, ijo.
.9. Enc . Brit^ V. 833d.

»o. Namier, Crossroads, 164.

»i. Walpok, letter of Mar. j, 1772,

j j, Leckv. m, 491,

23. CMfi,VLw>.

24.. /4«J n {7:.

- 0*\ -

ug.
i jo.
131.
ijz-
• S3-
"34-
'35-
136.

" 37-

m. 578-80.

116. Walpole, letter of Mar. 1, 177 3.

117. Wilson, William Pitt, 171.

iiK. Morlcy, Burie, 33; Namier, Crossroad!,
165-*?.

Watson, Reign of George HI, 319.
Morlev, Burke, 115.
G. G.'S., Z-ifc of R. B. Sheridan, nj,
Macaulay, Essays, 1, 633.
Peterson. Great Speeches, 179.
Gibbon, Memoirs, 334.
Macaulav, 1, 644-

Burke, Observations on the State of the
Nation ( 1769/, in Leckv, V, 33511.
Burke, speech on "Relief of Protenam
Dissenters" (1773 J, in Morlev, Bttrke, 69.

138. Wilson, William Pitt, »6.

139. Stephen, English Thought in the iSth
Century, I, 179-

140. Leckv, V, 449: Wilson, 135.

141. Burke, Reflections on the French Revo-
lution, 8.

14s. Eve. Brit.. IV, 418c.

143. Burke, Reflections, 35.

144. Ibid., 18 {..

145. 36.

146. 73.

147. Enc. Brit., IV, 4i8d.

148. CHE, X, 185.

149. Moriey, Burke, 179.

150. Ibid., 15.

151. Burke, Reflections, 93.
1^1, /W<a\, 6.

.53. CHE, XI, 11.

154. Le««- fo a Member of the National As-
sembly, in Reflections, 379.

155. Burke, 87.

156. Leckv, 111, 218-19; Stephen, English
Thought in the iSth Century, I, J51-JU
Laski, 159, 171.

157. Laski, 147.

)j8. Sherwin, Selteyn, 175.

159. Taine, English Literature, 416.

160. Wilson, 315.

161. G. G. S, Life of Sheridan, 155.

CHAPTER XXIX

1. Eckermann and Soret, Conversations
with Goethe, Mar. n, 1817.

2. Lecky, England in the iSth Century, VI,
139.

3. OuenneQ, Everyday Things, 9}.

4. George, London Life, 103.

5. Quennell, 90.
(5. George, 26.

7. Boswell, Hebrides, 31.

8. Lecky, VI, ij 3 .

9. Nussbaum, History of Economic Institu-
tions, 118.

10. Boswell, Life of Johnson, 1,781.

1 1. Sherwin, George Selwyn, 34,

i:. ibid., »5-

13. Drinkwatcr, Gb*r/« Jmtes Fox, 13.

14 . Lecky, VI, 151.

15. Boswell. Johnson, 978.

16. Age of Voltaire, Ch. ii, Sec. «.

1 7. II ; <«i(/) of Nations, 1L. 170.

i«. Stephen, EwtfwJb Thought, 1, 411.
19. Besant London, 381-83.

10. Sherwin, »B8.

11. KirfM/ of Wakefield, Ch. xxiv.
as. Boswell, Johnson, 338.

13. Lecky, VI, »68; Drinkwater, 131.

14. Lecky, VI, 269.

15. Boswell, Johnson, 846.

16. Walpole, Mar. a:. 1780.
*7. C.MH, VI, 187.

18. Buckle, An Imrod. to the History . .
of England, 1,31m.

a«. George, London Life, 135.

to. Botsford, J. B., English Society m th,

tilth Century, 332 f.
11. Blackstonc, Commentaries, 118-19.
3a. Emc. Brif., XX, 780a.
33. Ibid* 780a.

14- Fay. Bernard, Frankl'm, 77.
35, Mown, Age of Reason, 61.
3 (5. Quennell, 9,

37. Watson, P. B., Some Women of Fronen

77-

38. Walpole, Memoirs of the Reign #
George //1,1V, 158.

39. Bowell, Johnson, 597.

40. Burke, Reflections, 86.

41. Boswell on the Grand Tour: Italy , . . .
184.

4a. Robertson, Short History of Freethought,
II, jo6,

43. Boswell m Holland, 62.

44. Gibbon. Decline and Fall of the Roman
Empire, V, 554.

45. Fay, L* Franc-Maconnerit, 373.

46. <4g« 0/ Voltaire, pp. ca8, 580.

47. Cowper, The Task, ii. line* 378-94.

48. Stephen, English Thought, U, 375.

49. Walpole, June 3, 1780.

50. Walpole, June 7, 1780.

51. June 16, 1780.
51, Leckv, V, 189.

53. Sir F. D. McKmnon, in Turberville,
Johnson's England, II, 389.

54. Bentham, Jeremy, A Fragment on Gov-
ernment, a:,

55. Blackstone. Cotmntntaries, Vol. I, p. 3.

56. Commentaries (orig. ed.), Book I, Ch.
vii.

57. Comtmmies (1914 ed.), Vol. II, p. 119.

58. Ucky, VL a«i.

59. /W4, 155-58: Turberville, I, 17-1 1; John-
son, Tib* Idler, Jan. 6, 1759,

60. Besant, London, 608.

61. Bentham, Fragment, 10.
61. tatf.

6j. Ch. iv, No. 10.

64. Bentham, Fragment, j.

65. Ibid., $6.

66. Age of Voltaire, 139, 149, 5J9, 687.

67. Mack, M. P., fcretny Bentham, 102-5.

68. Bentham, Introduction to Principles of
Morals and Legislation, 189,

69. Clark, G. N„ Seventeenth Century, 127.

70. Davidson. W. L., Political Thought hi
England: The Utilitarians, »6.

71. Turbervillc. II. 178.

72. Mantzius, Karl, History of Theatrical
Art, V, 388.

73. Krucch, Samuel Johnson, 17a.

74. Barton, Margaret, Garrick, 53.

75. Ibid., 59.

76. 50.

77. Burncy. Fanny, Diary, 11.

78. Hawkins, Sir John, Life of Sanmcl John-
son, 189.

79. Pearson, Hcsketh, Johnson and Boswell,
282.

80. Johnson. Samuel. Works, 1, 196,
hi. Krutch, 37.

8:. George, London Life, 288.

83. Boswell: The Ominous Years. 118.

84. Turbervillc, 1, 195.
8*. George-London,' 171.

86. Ibid., 24.

87. Turbervillc, 1, 171.

88. Bos-^eWs London Journal, 81.

89. Boswell, Johnson, 733.

CHAPTER XXX

1. Geiringcr, Haydn, 95.

2. (bid., 103.

3. Burnev, Charles, History of Music, II,
868.

4. Walpolc, June 23, 1789.

5. National Portrait Gallery, London.

6. Burney, II, 9.

7. Shcrwin, Selwyn, 110.

8. Lewis, W. S., Horace Walpole, 107.

9. Turbervillc, II, no.

10. Dillon, Glass, 199.

1 1 . Samuel Smiles in Mantoux, Industrial
Revolution, 385.

ij. London, Royal Academy of Arts.

13. Turbervillc, II, 10.

14. Ibid., 91.

j j. Wilson, William Pitt, 97 .

16. Collection of Lady Ford.

17. Greenwich, Eng.,' National Maritime Mu-
seum.

18. London, National Gallery. (Unallocated
pictures are in private collections.)

19. National Portrait Gallery.

20. Ibid.

:t. Reynolds. Sir Joshua, Portraits, no.
22. National Portrait Gallerv.
v Irs J

24. San Marino, Calif., Huntington Art Gal-
lery.
15. Waterhousc, Reynolds, no.

26. Ibid., 117.

27. 79.
18. 87.

29. 63.

30. 167.

3«. 291; London, National Gallery.

32. Waterhousc, 57.

33. Wallace Collection, London.

34. Reynolds, Fifteen Discourses, 3,

35. Wilcnski, R. H M English Painting, 150.

36. Reynolds, Portraits, 167.

37. Boswell, Jolmson, 651.

3B, National Portrait Gallery.

39. Royal Academy of Arts.

40. Reynolds, Fifteen Discourses, 78 (Dis-
course vi ), 8 (0.

41. Ibid., 7 (1).

42. 14 ("J.

43. Ibid.

44. 30 (111).
4?. Ibid.

46. 264 (x\ ),

47. Wilcnski, 113.

48. Allan Cunningham in Clark, B. H., Great
Short Biographies, 789.

49. Ciller. Louis, La Pemture, xvii* ei xviii r
siccles, 416.

fo. Washington. National GaDery.

51. Edinburgh, National Gallprv.

52. Millar, Oliver, Tlwmas Gainsborough, 11.

53. Clark, B. H., Biographies, 796.

V4- Craven, Thomas, Treasury of Art Mas-
terpieces, 214.
55. Reynolds. Fifteen Discourses, 230 (xiv).
s-6. Wawrhousc. Gainsborough, 36.

57. Pijoan, Joseph, History of Art, III. 479.

58. Reynolds, Fifteen Discourses, 227 (xiv).

CHAPTER XXXI

1. Lcckv, England in the 18th Century, IV,
314. '

2. New CMH, VIII, 28.

3. Ibid., 714-

4. Leckv, IV, 317.

5. D'Alton, E. A., History of Ireland, IV,
54J; Enc.Brit., X, 6$9d.

6. Fay, La Franc-Mafonnerie, 399.

7. Smith, Adam, Wealth of Nations, I, 70.

8. Johnson, Works, II, 271, 345.

9. Boswell, Hebrides, 135.

10. Erie. Brit* XX, l69d.

11. Snyder, F. B., Life of Robert Burns, 189.

12. Age of Voltaire, 184.

13. Ibid., 507-86.

14. 586-602.

15. 139-61.

16. RciJ, Th'«v i, Works, I, 7, 81, 91.

o«r -

> 7. Ibid., 12.

18. 106.

iy. Hume, David, Treatise of Human Na-
ture, 1, 254.

10. Reid, Works, 423.

21. Boswcll's Journal, Sept. «6, 1769 (Bos-
well in Search of a Wife, 293).

1 2 . London National Portrait Gallery.

23. Edinburgh National Gallery.

24. Private Collection.

25. Carl vie, Schiller, 103.

26. Wal'pole, July 11, 1759.

27. Gibbon, Memoirs, 112.

28. Stewart, Dugald, life of Robertson
(1811), 305.

29. Gibbon, Memoirs, Appendix 22, p. 296.

30. Black, Art of History, 15.

31. Brandes, Goethe, L 84.

32. See The Age of Faith, 498.

33. Thomson, Derick, The Gaelic Sources
of Macphersoti's "Ossim" 4-5, 80.

34. Macpherson, James, Poems, 40 {Fmgal,
Book 1).

35. Ibid., 49, 52, 54.

36. 415-16.

37. Johnson, Works, XII, 375; Boswell, Heb-
rides, 163.

38. Boswell, Johnson, 496.

39. Thomson, Derick, 16 f.

40. Buckle, lb, 347.

41. Smith, Adam, Mora! and Political Philos-
ophy, 75.

42. Ibid., 255.

43. 191.

44. Laski, Political Thought in England, 99,
101, 188; see also Age of Voltaire, 155.

45. Smith, Wealth of Nations, II, 107.

46. Ibid., 113.

47. 121.

48. See Age of Voltaire, 138.

49. Wealth of Nations, II, 180.

50. Ibid., I, jfi, 19.
5'- I, 119.

51. 129.

Si- >*9-

54. 42.

55- 75. 2-
5«- ~3-
57- 71, 345-

58. Rostbery, Lord, Pitt, 4.

59. Waterhouse, Reynolds, 329,

00. Burns's autobiographical letter to John
Moore, in Neilson. W. A., Robert Burns,
1,

6i. In Snvder, Burns, 54.

62. lbid.,'6y.

63. 67.

64. 239.

65. See "The Ordination."

66. Wine. Schiller and Burns, 10,

67. Hill, J. C, Love Songs and Heroines of
Robert Bur:;t,vit-i..

68.
69.
7U.
7'-
7*-
73-
74-
75-

76.
77-
78.
79-
80.
81.
82.
8;.
&».

Hv
86.

8 7 .
88.
hy.
90.
91.

Q2.

93-
94-
95-
96.

97-
98.

99.
00.
01,
02.
03.
04.
ti-
06.
07.
08.
09.
10.
11.

12.

'3'
M-
■5-
16.

>7-
18.

10.

20.
21.

22,

Burns, Robert, Works, I, 85, 75.
Ibid., 101.

Wine, Schiller and Burns, 10.
"The Rips o - Barley."
Burns, U arks, 1, 85, 77.
Ibid., 50.

Brown. Hilton, There Was a Lad, 23, 50.
Carlyk, Essay on Burns, in Works, XIH,
294-96.

Burns, Works, 1. 16:.
Keith, Christina. The Russet Coat, 81.
Burns. Works, 1, 141.
Brown. Hilton, 26.
Snvder, 297.
y/ud., 308.
Hill, J. C, 102.
Snyder, 360, 374, 379, 390.
Burns, Robert, and Mrs. Dunlop, Corre-
spondence. 1 1, viii.
Burns, Works, 1. 14.

Currie, James. Life of Robert Burns, in
Burns, Works, II, 58.
Robert Chambers in Snyder, 432.
Snyder, 432-35.
I bid., 430.

U iswcll's London Journal, >o8.
I'carson. 107.

Boswell's London Journal, 66.
Ibid., 93.
66.
93-
'37-
206-9.

Boswell on the Grand Tour: Germany

and Switzerland, 44.

Boswell, Johnson, 237-40.

Bor&ell's London Journal, 251, 281.

Boswell in Holland, Sept. 18, 1763.

Ibid., 387-90.

46.

'57-
259-O1.

3'4-
328.
330.

349-
368.

Boswell on the Grand Tour: Germany.

134.

Ibid., 117.

164-66.

241.

Boswell in Search of a Wife, 24.

Ibid., 36-37.

76.

207.

240.

Boswell for the Defense. 140,

Boswell: The Ominous Yean. 34-46.

Ibid.. 304-7.

Macauhv. Essays, II, 730-41.

Boswell: The Ominoii- Yv - -,V,

_ o»t

u$. Boswell hi Search of a Wift, 40.

i*6. Bosvxll: The Ominous Years, Introd, x.

CHAPTER XXXH

1 . Johnson, The Idler, No. 40.

1. Brooke, Henry, The Fool of Quality, 80.

3. Cross, Wilbur, Life and Times of Lau-
rence Sterne, 99.

4. Ibid., 179.
<. Ibid.

6. 183.

7. Parton, Life of Voltaire, U, 167.

8. Mossncr, E. C Life of i)«vwf Hume, 503.
g. Sterne, Laurence, Tristram Shandy, Book

VIII, Ch. ii.
10, Ibid.. Book IV,Ch.jrarviii.
ii. Croiis, 163.
i;. Sterne, Letters to Eliza, x.

1 3. Ibid., letter of Apr. 14, 1767.

14. Sterne, lovnial, Apr. 14, 1767.

15. Moore, Thomas, Life of Lord Byron, in
Taine, English Literature, 477.

16. Alacaulay, Essays, II, 565,

17. lturney. Fanny, Diary, 17.

18. Burner, Fanny, Evelina, 11,

19. Letter of Mar. 5, 1772,
io. Walpole, Feb. 18, 1769.

j i. See Age of Voltaire, 95-98.

sx. Lewis, Horace Walpole, un: Wharton,

Grace and Philip, If '»» #»;rf iJcaio- of So-

cicr.v, II, 28.

13. Walpole, "Reminiscences," in Letters, I,
xrui.

14. Letter of Mar. j, 1773.

35. Nicoteon, Harold, The Age of Reason,
149.

16. Walpole, Memoirs of the Reign of
George III, II, 154.

17. Letter of Nov. 14, 1774,

18. Kicolson, 148.

19. Ibid,, 149.

30. Letter of July 14, 1756.

31. Letter of Dec, x, f7©x.

32. Sherwin, Selwyn, 104.

33. Letter of Nov. 11, 1766.

34. Walpole, Memoirs of the Last Ten Years
of the Reign of George the Second, p. xl,

35. Letter of June 15, 1768,
j<5. Oct, 1, 1781.

31. Nov; 11, 1763.

38. Lewis, Horace Walpole, 5.

39. Feb. 7, 1771.

40. J«n. t a, *7i56.

41. Letter to John Chute, January, 1766.
4:, Lewis, jo,

43. Wharton, II. 83.

44, Lewii. 81.

4j Ian, 18. 17,(9.

4<>. Gibbon, Memoirs, introd. by G. B. Hill,

xxi; Roberoon, J. M., Gibbon, 1.
47, Memoirs, jo.

48. Age of Voltaire, 117.

49. Memoirs, 45.

jo. Ibid., 51, 5*

S«- 6 S-
51. 69.

Si- "OS-

54. 106, 156.

55. Gambier-Parry, M„ Madame Seeker, 16.

56. Gibbon, Journal, introd., hesii.

57. Memoirs, 107.

58. Ibid., no.

\tf. Gibbon, Essai sur t"ctude Ae la litteratme,
in Miscellaneous Writings, No. 1.

60. Ibid., liii,

61. Memoirs, 143.
6:. fottmal, 22,

63. Ibid., 136.

64. .IffWiorrf, iji.

<t<, Robertson, J. M„ Gibbon, 117; Memoirs,
1.V8.

66. Ibid., 167.

67. Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire,
final papc.

68. Memtnrs, Appendix 30.

69. Ibid., 171,

70. iBij.

71. 19m.

73. Robertson, Gibbon, 119: Drinkwarcr,

Charles lames Fox. 106.

74. Low. D. M„ Edward Gibbon, aB:.

75. Memoirs, 190.

76. Ibid., 195.

77- loj-

78, Decline and Fall, I, 316. Reran agreed
with Gibbon about the Antonines; see
his Marc Aurelc, 479, Calmaroi-Levy,
Paris, n.d.

79. Decline and Fall, 1, 316,

80. Ibid^ i$o.

81, 9 and io William 1U, c. xx.
81. .Decline and Fall, VL, 71-7}.

83. Ibid.

84. ioj-5.

85. 182.

8<S. 144; see Voltaire's view in The Age of
Voltaire, 486.

87. Low, x6o.

88. Sainte-Beuve, English Portraits, 151-53.

89. Low, 158.

90. Gibbon, Miscellaneous Writings, 177.

91. Walpole, Jan. 17, 1781.

92. Memoirs, 111.

93. Decline and Fall, 431-33.

94. Memoirs, 213.

qc. Ibid,, 315.
c<5. Low, 102.

97, Memoirs, 214.

98, Walpole, June 5, 1788.
oy. Decline and Fall, VI, 656.

100. Memoirs. 225,
(01. Ibid^ 89n.

_ a.©

ioi. Fughun, Va, Edward Gibbon, 15. 153.

103. Memoirs, 240. 154.

104. Boswell, Jolmson, Mar. 19, 1781. 155.

105. Low, 222-23. 156.
10G. Memoirs, 230-31. 157.
107. Low, 3 jo. 158.
10B. Mevwirs, 228, 234. G. G. S., Lff<r 0/ 159.

Shcridmi, m. 160.

109. Memoirs, Appendix 55. 161.

110. Ibid., 24m. 16:.

111. Appendix 66. 163.
in. Saintc-Bcuve. English Portraits, 150.

113. Manoirs, Appendix 66. 104.

114. Ibid., 339 and Appendix 62. 165.

115. Gibbon, Correspondence, II, 93, 208, in IO0 ,
Memoirs, 339. 167.

116. Correspondence, 11, 255, in Robertson, 16K,
Gibbon, 110, i6v.

117. Gibbon, Autobiography, Everyman's Li- 171..
brary ed., in Gay, P., Voltaire's Politics.
259. 171.

118. Memoirs, introd. by G. B. Hill, xii. 172.

1 19. Low. 344. 175.
no. Gibbon, letter of Nov. n, 1793, 174.

121. Decline and Fall, 1776 ed., L ao6.

122. Burv, J. B., in Enc. Brit., X, 33 id.
1:3. Decline and Fall, ed. J. B. Bun', I. x/i.
1:4. Ibid., xlvii; Robertson, Gibbon, 15; Black, 1.

Art of History. 161. 2.

125. Decline end Fall, IV, 673. 3.

126. Ibid., 99. 4.

127. I, 314. 5.

128. Voltaire, Works, XVla, 150-51. 6.
119. Decline md Fall, III, 07. 7.

130. VI, 337. 8.

131. Cf. Fuglum. 136.

132. Decline and Fall, Ch. faciv,

133. V, 137. V-

134. Ibid., 423. 10.

135. Ill, JM. II,

136. Preface to Milman ed., p. 6. n.

137. CHE, X, 445. 13.

138. Seebohm, Frederick, The Age of )obn- '•*•
son, «8. 15.

139. Walpole, letter of Not. 15, 1764; Reign 16.
of George 111, II, jj. 17.

140. Nevill, J. C, Thomas Chatterton, 06. "R.

141. Cliatterton, Complete Poetical Works,
207. 19-

142. /W, 64, 10.

143. WalpoU, letters of June 19, 1777, and ai.
July 14, 1778' »•

144. lrring, Washington, Oliver Goldsmith, 13.
266. 14.

145. Stanza xlr. 35.

146. Cowper. William, Powir, 135.

147. Sainte-Beuve, English Portraits, 173. 2'>.

148. Cowper, t88. 37.

149. CHE, XI, 89, a8.

150. Sainte-Beuve, English Portraits, 176-77. *9-

151. Cowper, 87,

152. See Age of Voludrt, jji. jo,

Cowper, 77>r T«*. Book I, line 749.
Ibid^ line 718.

II, lines 1-7.
U, 11-28.
106.

Cowper, Poems, 172.
Enc. Brit., X, 495a (by Mscaulsy).
Boswell, Johnson, 252.
Ibid., 305.

Goethe, Truth md Fiction, 11, 37, 170.
Thackeray, English Htmouristt, in
Works. 28 m.
Irving, 170.

J'i«rr of Wakefield, preface.
Boswell, Johnson, 449.
Barton. Garrick, 256.
Cg., Reynolds, Portraits, jB.
Irving, 121.
Garncrt and Gossc, English Literature,

III, 342; Irving, 310.
Boswell for the Defense. 167.
Thackerav. English Htmiourists, 291.
/AW.
Goldsmith, Oliver, Sricrf Works, 104.

CHAPTER XXXIII

Boswell, lohnson, 17.
Boswell, Hebrides, 142.
Krutch, Johnson, u.
, Pearson, Johnson and Boswell, 6.
Krutch, 10.
Boswell, Johnson, 564.
E»/r. Bm„ XIII. lopd.

Hill, G. Birkbeek, Johnsonian Miscella-
nies. II, 309; Greene, Donald. Politics of
Samuel Johnson, 133,
Johnson, London, line 202.
Hawkins, L/'/c of Samuel Johnson, 55-57-
Krutch, 49,
Ibid.

Turbenilk, Jolmson't England, I, )i»n.
Boswell, Johnson, 04.
£w. flrir., XHI, 110a.
Boswell, Johnson. 1177,
Hawkins, 60.

Hume. David, Essays, Literary, Moral,
md Political, 52.
Johnson. Works, I, xta.
/M4, 115.
217.

Hawkins, 98.

Johnson, The Rambler. 1 57-04.
BoswelL Holland Journal, Sept, jj, 176).
Davis, Bertram, Johnson before Boswell,
71-

Hill. G.B. Miscellanies, 1, 136.
Boswell, Johnson, 16c,
/«*, 142.

Schuster, M. L., Treasury of the World's
Great Letters, 130.
, Boswell, Jolmson, 992.

ji, Urid^ 1J7.

32. Borwell for the Defame, $<j (Mar. 23,

1772*.
j j . Johnson's Dictionary, preface ; p. 20-
54. Ibid., 184.
35. Boswell. Johnson, 179.
30. Arthur Murphv in Johnson, Works, I,

89.

37. Works, V, 419.

38. Rasselas, Ch. vi.

39. Ibid,, Ch. xix.

40. Ch. xxvjii,

41. Ch. xii.

42. Boswell, Johnson, 21ft.
4 V Ibid., 260.

44. Wharton. Grace and Philip, Wits and
beaux of Society, 1, 366.

45. Krutch. 264.

46. Pearson, 184.

4*. Boswell, Johnson, 272.

48. Bailev, John, Dr. Jolmson and His Circle,

35.

49. Boswell, 542.

50. Bomicll for the Defense, 175.

51. Boswell, Hebrides, 189.
\i. Pearson, 195.

53. BosvielVs London Journal, 234.

54. Piwu, Anecdotes of the Late Samuel
Jolmson, 190.

jjf, National Portrait Gallery.
$(,, National Gallery, London.
57, Hawkins, 293.
<H. Turbervillc, I, 384.

59. Boswell, Johnson, 283: Hawkins, 147.

60. Boswell, Hebrides, 136.

61. Boswell, Johnson, 49.
6:. Pearson. 81.

63. Boswell: The Ominous Years, 164,

64. Bailey, 29.

65. Boswell, Johnson, 955.
60, Ibid., 11 97.

67. 293-

68. Pioaei, 181.

69. Hawkins, 12a.

70. Rasselas, Ch. xliii.

71. Hawkins, 132.

72. Boswell, 586.

73. Turbervillc, II, ifB.

74. Krutch, 369.

75. This is Hume's report, in Krutch, 221.
and Pearson, 48; the phraseology was
made more decorous in Boswell .

76. Boswell, Hebridei, 144.

77. Walpole, May *6, 1791.

78. Irvine. Goldsmith, 183.

79. Pioxzi, 70.

80. Ibid., 57.

81. Bowcll, Johnson, 1 tu-
fa. Ibid., m<5.

Rj, Bailey. 30.
84. Boswelf, jyi.
8-;. KYutxlt- %66.

86. Boswell, Hebrides, 201 .

87. Boswell, Johnson, 343.

88. Boswell: The Ominous Years, 133.

89. Low, Gibbon, 223.

90. Lovejoy, Arthur, Essays hi the History
of Idea's, 39.

91. Walnolc, Mar. 28, 1786.
9;, in Gibbon, Memoirs, jion.

93. Bowcll, Hebrides, 11.

94. Boswell, Johnson, 122.

95. Hebrides, 140.
9<5, Jolmson, 988.
gr. Pearson. 261.

98. Greene, Donald, I'olitics of Samuel John-
son, 270.
<>y. Boswell, Johnson, 744,
uk). Ibid., 1015.

101. 807.

102. 362.

10;. Baiiev. 104.
104. Boswell, Johnson. 807.
id;. Ibid,, 410.
\ah. 163.
107. 52s.
10K. 274.

log. Hawkins, ;o8.

no. Boswell. Johnson, 267. 414, 409, 04. 740;
BoKBell's London Journal. 276. 281.

111. Ibid., 253; Johnson, Works, XII. 111.

112. Boswell, Johnson, 787-

113. Ibid.. 341,

114. 309.

115. 486.

n(5. Greene, 161.

117. Ibid., 167.

1 1 8. Taxation No Tyranny, in Works, XII.
225.

1 1 9. Boswell, Johnson, ;o8,

uo. Johnson. Iforfa.XIl. i98n.

i2i. Hawkins, 122.

12;. Boswell, Johnson, ^5.

123. Ibid., J07,

124. 654.

t2f. In Greene, 195.

12(5. Boswell. Johnson, 33. ioji; Piazza, 14.

127. Boswell, Johnson, iic-j.

128. Ibid„ 282.

129. Ait; Bailey, 103.

130. Pearson. 152.

131. Ibid., 251.

132. L«'« of ihe Englirl> Poets, I, 63 (**MH-
ton M ).

133. Rasselas. Ch. xxxi; Hawkins, 131.

134. L»'fw, I, 63.
13;. Pearson, 248.

i3<5. Boswell, Johnson, 352, 807.

137. Ibid., 309.

138. 308-

139. Honkins. Marv A,. Hannah More, 61.
i.do. Hawkins, »o8,

mi. lohrreon. If 'orks, X, 169.
142. Wi'„ 157, 149.

- o«Y -

143. Krutch, 189.

144. Boswell, Hebrides, 178.

145. ibid., 168.

146. Works, XII, 413.

147. Pearson, 257.

148. Boswell, Johnson, 68yn.

149. Lives, 1,93.

150. Walpole, Feb. 19, 1781.

151. Walpole, Apr. 14, 1781.
151. Piozzi, 186.

153. Krutch, 522.

154. Ibid., «9-

155. Schuster. Treasury of the World's Great
Letters, 133.

156. Burney, Fanny, Diary, 92.
t;y. Boswell, Johnson, 1109.

158. Krutch, 547.

159. Boswell, Johnson, 1059.

160. Hawkins, 155.

161. Ibid., Jif?.
161. Krutch, 551.

163. Boswell, Johnson, 1181.

164. Davis, Bertram, Johnson before Boswell,
vii.

16?. CHE,X, 113.

166. Boswell: The Ominous Years, 103.

167. E.g, Boswell, Note Book, xvii, i, 13;
Krutch, Johnson. 384.

168. E.g., Boswell: The Ominous Years, 111.

169. Boswell, Johnson, x.

170. Hannah More, Letters, 101.

171. CHE, X, 113.

172. Letter of May 26, 1791.

CHAPTER XXXTV

1. Gooch, Afdrw Theresa, 114.

1. Ihid.,7.

3.8.

4. Bearne, Mrs., /4 Owf Painter, 3*3.

5. Ercole, Gay Cowrr Life, 272.

6. Castelot, Andre, Queen of France, 20.

7. Zweig, Stefan, Marie Antoinette 5.

8. Padover, Saul, Life and Detih . f Louis
XVI, 30.

9. Gooch, Maria Theresa, 122.

10. Padover, 30.

11. Castelot, 37.

12. /Aid., 40.

13. Zweig, ai.

14. Casttlot, 64.

ij. Ibid., 73; Dakin, Tvrgot and the Ancien
Regime, 19.

16. Walpole, July 10. 1774.

17. Mathiei, Albert, The French Revolution,

9-

18. Tocquevillc, VAn, .-n Regime, 122.

19. Maine, Sir Henry. Ancient Lavi, 48.

20. Cobban, Alfrtj, History of Modern
France, L, 1217.

21. Taine, The Ancient Regime, 95,
2:. Ibid., 68-69.

2 3-

14.

2?.

2(5.

57-

28.

29.
i°-

3'-

33'

H-
35-

36.

37.

3«.
39-

40.
41.
42.
43-

44-
4?-
46.

47-
48.

49-

jo.

5'-
$*■

S3-
54-
55-
56.

7-

58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.

65-
66.
67.
68.
69.

70.

7 1 -
7*>
73>
74'
75'

Mathiez, 5.

Taine, Ancient Reghne, u8, 98.
Ercole, 370.
Castelot, 85.

Campan, Mmc, Memoirs, 1, 317.
Mossiker, Frances, The Queen's Neck-
lace, 201.
Ibid., 163.
Castelot, 66, 1 58.

Lacroix. The Eighteenth Century, 35.
Vigeo-Lcbrun, Mmc, Memoirs, 56.
Dcsnoiresccrrcs, Voltaire et la socicte
francaisc, VIII. 294.
Castelot, 174.

Cobban. Alfred, Historians and the
Causes of the French Revolution, 5, 14.
. Mmc. Campan gives several examples

(Memoirs, 1, 190-94).
. Cobban, History of Modern France, 1,

115.

Castelot, i:j.

Fay, Bernard, Louis XVI, ou La Fin d'wi

mondc, 311.

Havens. G. R, The 4ge of Ideas, 392.

In Mossiker, Queen's Necklace, 160.

Cistelot, 119.

Padover, The Revolutionary Emperor,

119, 125.

Ibid., 119.

Castelot, 122.

Ibid., in.

124.

Zweig, Marie Antoinette, 137.

Padover, Louis XVI, 102.

Segur, Marquis de, Marie Antoinette, 104.

Ibid.

Michelet, Histoire de France, V, 491.

"The Good-natured King."

Campan, Mmc, Memoirs, 1, 178.

Padover, Louis XVI, 118-19.

Funck-Brentano, V Ancien Reghne, 54;.

Gibbon, Decline and Fall, cd. J. B. Burv,

IV, 529.

Padover, L wis XVI, 23.

Campan, Mmc, I, i8yn.

Fay, Louis XVI, 8.

Taine, Ancient Regime, 304.

Funck-Brentano,. 546.

Campan, 1, 180.

Strvienski, Eighteenth Century, 213.

Gooch, Catherine the Great, 230.

Goethe, Truth and Fiction, II, 350.

Dakin, Turgot, 126.

Say, Leon, Turgot. 10 1.

Robinson, J. H, Readings in European

History, 426.

See /fgf of Louis XIV, 160.

Voltaire, Works, XXI b. 347.

Parton, JLf'f' 6 ' of Voltaire, II, 533.

Martin, H, Histoire de Frmcc, XVI, 340.

Dakin, 187; Padover, Loa/V X'V7, ?y.

Sav, 12.

— o«A —

76. Datrin, t5i;Tecquevilte t 190.

77. Tocqueville, 190.

78. Say, 161 -66\ Funck-Brentano, $54.

79. Renard, Georges, Qvilds in the Middle
Ages, 1*5,

80. Martin, H, France, XVI, 371.

81. lbid~, 37a.

Bi. Tainc, Ancient Regime, 117.

83. Padover, Louis XVI, 91,

84. Dakin, in.

85. Say, 185-91.

86. Dakin, 163; Manin, H., France, XVI, 379,

87. Michelet, Histoire de France, V, 480.

88. Say, 45.

89. Warwick, Mirabeau and the French
Revolution, 104. On LWpical see The
Age of Reason Begins, $37-45.

00. Jaures, Jean, Histoire socialiste de la

Revolution frmcaisc, 1, 159,
91. Manin, H., France, XVI, 587,
?!. Taine, Ancient Regime, 301,
93, Michelet, Histoire de France, V, a'&.
94' Campan, Mme., 1, 181.
9V Tocqueville, 191,
96. Lecky, History oi England in the iSth

Century, V, 39-41.
91. Padover, Ltmis XVI, »oR; Manin, H„

France, XVI, 416.
98. Becker, Cad, Tib* Heavenly City of the

)8th~Centvry Philosophers, 77,
1)9. Lecky, IV, 50.

100, History Today, October, 1957, 659.
iqi. Manin, H., France, XVI, 418,

102. Morris, R.B., The Peacemakers, 104-7.

103. CMH, VIII, 93.

104. Gooch, Catherine the Great, 97.

105. Martin. H.. France, XVI, yoo-i.
io6, Ibid,, J04.

107. Mahan, A. T„ Influence of Sea Power
upon Htstory, 337.

108. Morris. Peacemakers, 178-81.

109. Lecky, IV, *j6-j9.

110. /AM,

u i. Morris, 177.
in. Ibid., 461.

113. Tocqueville, 155.

114. Ibid., 119.

CHAPTER XXXV

1. Parton, Life of Voltaire, II, 491.
:. Ibid,, 496,

3. Pomeau. La Religion de Voltaire, 4*7.

4. Chaponniere, Voltaire chez let calvmistes,
16 j.

5. Faguet. Literary History of France, 508.

6. Lamon. Gustave, Voltaire, 1 j8.

7. Torrey, N. L„ JHbe Spirit of Vohahc, 150.

8. Brandts, Voltaire, II, 317.

9. Wagniere in Parton, II, 564,

10. Ibid,

11, Note to Walpole, Letters, VII, 35.

•3-

«4-
'5-

16.

r 7-
18.
19.
ao.
11.
aa.

*3-
14.

*5-
»6.

28.
19.
jo.
J',

J*-
»•
}*.■

35-

36.

37-
3«.
39-

40.
4>.
45.

43-
44-
45-

46.
47-
48-
49-
50.

5<-

5=-
53-
J4-
S5-

s«.

S7-
58-
5<>

60.
6)

61.

Brandts, Voltaire, H, jia; Pamm, H, 367.
Desnoiresterres, Voltaire et la societc
frmcaise, VIII, 190-200; Campan, I, py,
Martin, H n Histoire de France, XVI,

393-

Parton, Life of Voltaire, II, 568.
Brandes, II, 314.
Pomeau, 163.
Noyes, Voltaire, 583.
Pomeau, 307.
Dcsnoiresterres, VIH, J30.
Lanson, Voltaire, 300,
Desnoiresterres, VIII, 331-33.
Ihid., 33$.

2)6.

J45-

Wiener, Leo, Anthology of Russian JJt~
ereture, I, 337.
Noyes, 600.

Brandes, Voltaire, II, 336.
/AW., 337.

Dcsnoiresterres. VIII, 283-01-
Vigec-Lcbrun, Memoirs, 199.
Ducros. French Society in the iSth Heri-
tor y , 1 ; 1 .

Dcsnoiresterres, VIII, 301.
Ibid., 306; Brandes, Voltaire, II, 340.
Strachev. Lytton, Books and Characters,
1 tin

Brandes, II, 341 .
Desnoiresterres, VIII, 33+, 365.
Pomeau, 447.
Desnoiresterres, VIII, 359.
ibid., 366; Crequi, Marquise de. Souve-
nirs, i3^n.

Brandes. Voltaire, II, 348.
Gooch. Catherine the Great, 70.
In Brandes, Voltaire, II, 04n.: the order
has been slightlv changed.
Ibid., 354,
Parton, II, 494.

Voltaire, La Guerre de Geneve, in Jo-
sephson, Rousseau, 479.
Hendel, Charles, Citizen of Geneva, 91.
Josephson. 481.
Hendel, Citizen, 98.
Ibid., 99 fiercer of Oci. io, 1769).
Ibid,, ioi (letter of Jan. 17, 1770).
See Age of Voltaire, 565.
Michelet, Histoire de France, V, 485.
Morley, Rousseau, II, 156.
Josephson, 495.

Rousseau, The Confessions, II, end.
Josephson, 501,
Ibid.

Desnoiresterres, VU, 488.
Vaughn, C. E-. Political Writings 0/
Rousseau, II, 445.
Ibid., 376, 3b j.
Rousseau. Roustcau juge de J eon- Jacques,

. &M., 19.

« O'l

63. 64-67.

64. 120, II4.

65. I I7-l8.

66. 191, 302, 3*7.

67. Third Dialogue.

68. Rousseau juge, 319 f

69. Josephson, 508

70. Reveries of a Solitary, Ninth Promenade. 1 1 <j. Schapiro, 80, 88.

71. Josephson, 518. 116. Condorcct, 193.
71. Masson, P. M„ La Religion de Rousseau, 117. Ibid., x-xi, 175.

11,113-15,301-1. 118.4.

73. Ibid^ 146. "9. 188.

74. Josephson, 50:; Faguet, Vie de Rousseau, 120. 169.

399-

75. Josephson, 527

110. Condorcct, Sketch for a Historical Pic-
ture of the Progress of the Mind, p. v.

111. lbid~, 105.

112. 10,

113. 179.

114. Aulard, A., The French Revolution, I,

"3-

12 I. 202.

12:. Schapiro, 107.

76. Babbitt, Irving, Spanish Character and 123. Tocqueville, 8.
Other Essays, 215. -*-•--

77. Cassircr, The Question of Rousseau, 39.

78. Lemaitre, Rousseav, 147.

79. Lanson, Histoire de la litterature fran-
gaise, 798.

80. Goethe, Truth and Fiction, II, 236.

81. Schiller, "Rousseau," in Poetits, 25. In
Works.

82. In Maritain, Three Reformers, 115.

83. Collection complete des oeuvres, 1, 186.

84. Cassircr, Question of Rousseau, 39.

85. Pomeau, 340

1:4. Taine, Ancient Regime, 317.
12,-. Aulard, 1, 83.

1:6. Robertson, J. M., Short History of Free-
thought, II, 284.

127. Aulard, I, 83.

128. Robertson, J. M.. Short History, 288.

129. Tocqueville, 16?.

130. 1 1 See, Henri, Economic and Social Con-
ditions in France during the tStb Cen-
tury, 107,

131. Padover, Louis XVI, 6, 7, u .
32. Tocqueville. 156.

86. Masson, P. M~, La Religion de Rousseau, 133. Masson, P. M., La Religion de Rousseau,

III, 139-44.

87. Ibid., 74-

88. In Morley, Rousseau and His Era, II, 273.

89. Masson, La Religion, III, 1*7.

90. Burke, "Letter to a Member of the Na-
tional Assembly," in Reflections on the
French Revolution, 262.

91. Taine, Ancient Regime, 317.

92. Lemaitre, 361.

93. Lanson, Histoire de la litterature fran-
false, 798.

94. Crocker, The Embattled Philosopher,

110.

95. Segur, Julie de Lesp'masse, 41 . .

96. Letter of Feb. 27, 1777, in Hazard, Ettro-
pean Thought, 323.

97. Ford, Miriam de, Lore Children, 212.
96'. Havens, Age of Ideas, 351.

99. Crocker, Embattled Philosopher, 400.

100. Ro.isseau juge de ]em-}acques, "Aver-
tissement," v-vi.

10! . Crocker, Embattled Philosopher, 433.

102. Sainte-Beuve, Portraits of the tSth Cen-
tury, IL 113.

103. Schapiro, J. S., Ctmdorcei, 69.

104. Russell, Bcrtranr History of Western
Philosophy, jix.

105. Schapiro, Condorcet. 91.
IP'S. Marqn, H„ Franc*.. XVI, 515.
107 Schapiro, 96-07.

to*. So reads the ms. in the Bibliorh&jue dc

rinstitut.
or. See The Age of Voltaire, 775.

III. 337.

CHAPTER XXXVI

1 . See, Economic and Social Conditions, 61 ;
Jaures, Histoire socialist c, I, 60; Taine
(The French Revolution, I, 168) esti-
mated the value of church property at
four billion livres.

2. Herbert, Sydney, The Fall of Feudalism
in France, 40.

3. Mornet, Daniel, Let Qrigmes mtellectu-
elles de la Revolution fran false, 278.

.. Ibid., 274; See, 66.

j. Ibid.; Taine, French Revolution, I, 162-63.

6. See, 66.

7. Taine, French Revolution, I, 167.

S. Burke, Edmund, Reflections on the

French Revolution, 142.
9. Sanger, W., History of Prostitution, 131.

10. See, 23; Mornet, 276.

11. Vigee-Lebrun, Memoirs, 14.

12. Lacroix, Paul, Tbe Eighteenth Century
in France, 346.

13. Taine, Ancient Regime, 391.

14. Mornet, 335.

15. Lacroix, 265

16. A-lomet, 331.

17. Fay, Louis XVI, 180.

c8. Martin, H., Histoire de France, XVI, 512.

19. Fay, 280,

20. Le'ckv, England in the , ?,•'• C:n:itrv, V.
308. '

- 6\- -

it. Martin, HL Fnmtt, XVI, 353.

2:. Mornct, ju.

»j. Funck-Brentano, L'Ancien Regime, 554.

24. Mtrtin. H w Fm»«, XVI, 585.

15. Tocquevillc, 9.

jo. Herbert. S.. F<»// of Feudalism, 84.

17. See Age of Voltaire, 776-80.

28. In Crocker, Age of Crisis, 392.

29. In Becker, Heavenly City. 80.
;o. Orlyle. £jmv mi Diderot.

31. Rcstif dc La Bretonnc, Li I'tV «Y vion
perc, 90 f .

32. Taint, Ancient Regime, 380.

3<, Laclos. Choderltw dc. Lm Liaisons den-
gcreuses. Letter txvi.

34. Sec Plat", T/b* Republic, Kos. 358-44.

35. IK' S»dc. Comtc, Juliette, in Crocker,
/!«.• of C'Wffr, 15.

j<i. Uucrard. Allmrt. Life aid Death of oti
/<tt't>/, 294,

37. Mrm, d'()bcrkirch in Taine. Ancient Re-
gime, 16).

38. Kohler, Carl, History ol Costume. j«i.
\m. Bochn, Modes and Manners. IV. 215.

40. In Loonik Dm Barry. 169.

41. Decline and Fall of the Rmtm Empire,
near end of Ch. xix,

41. Gibbon. Correspondence, II. 46. in Mem-
oirs, 2:211.

43. See Age o\ Voltaire. 301-1,

44. WalrMtk 1 , l>ec. 1. 1765.

4«. Kovvn. Anna dc. Horace U'alpolc and

Mtuc. du Deflmid, 102, 1 16,
46. /W<i„ 127.
4T. Watson. Haul, Smw II'otmcw 0/ Franci,

00,

48, Ibid,

49, 89; Kovcn, 1 57.

50, Ibid.. 195,

ti. Crocker, Embattled Philosopher, 354.

52. (Jianibicr-Parrv, Madame Seeker, 78.

5 3. Ibid., 21c.

54. Crequi. Marquise de, Souvenirs, 192-94,

55. Gambier-Parry, ijo.

56. Anderson, E..' Letters of Mozart, II. 787.

57. Einstein. Mozart, 356,

58. Lcspinamc, Letters, \fl.

jy. Rolland, Remain. Essays in Music, 147.

60, Groi'e's Dictionary of Music, II, 456.

61. Young. Arthur. Travels in France, 67.
6j. Louvre,

ft 3. In the Institute, Paris.

64. Dilkc, Lady Emilia, French Arcintects

and Sculptors, 13c, It is now in the tcok

dc Beaux-Am in Paris,
ot. 7»w iiupaunc, Jan. 31, 1164, p, 44.
06. /Mi,

67. All in the Louvre.

68. Both in the Louvre,

69. Vigee-Lcbrun, 41,

70. Louvre.

71. Private collection.

72. Tainc, French Revolution, I. 141; Mor-
net, Origmes mtelleciuelles, 419; La Fon-
taincric, French Liberalism, 23.

73. Mornet. 443.

74. Leckv, V, }94-

75. Mornet, 426.

76. Enc. Brit., XVI, 349d.

77. Leckv-, V, 415.

78. Ducros, French Soc ic ty, 314.
19. Ibid.

80. I'apuet, Literary History, 539.
Hi. Chamfort. Scbasricn, Maxhnes. 25.
K2. Ibid., ij.

83. 6.

84. 7'-
8*. 67.
86. 69.
K7. 62.
88. 87.
89-89.

90. 26.

91. 5??-

02. Ibid., preface, p. 50.

93. In MasNoii. La Religion dc Rousseau, HI,
M7-28-

94. Bcrmrdin dc Saint-Pierre, Foul et Vrr-
giuic, 15,34,58.

9?. In Bury, J. B., The Idea of Progress, 200;

italics ours.
9rt. Rcstif dc La Brctonnc. La Vie de mon

pert, 75,

97. Palachc, Four Novelists of the Old Re-
gime, 172.

98. Ibid., 191.

99. Rcstif, La Vie de mon pere. 14.

100. Chadournc, Restif dc Ltt Bretonne, 185.

101. Ibid., 354,

102. Palachc. 246.

103. Chadournc, 223.

104. Ibid.. 219.

105. Restif, Les Suits de Paris, Nos. 100-114.
nvl. Jbid., No. j*2.

107. No. 103.

108. Young. Arthur. 143.

109. Bcaunurchais. lerrcr of June 16. 1755, in
Lomcnie. Beaw/iarchais and His Times,
5.f-

no. Ibid.. 78.

111. 04.

112. Voltaire, letter of Jan. 3, 1774.

113. Lonicnic. Beatmtarchais. 263, 269 f,

1 14. Havens, Age of Ideas, 368.

1 15. Bcaumarchais. The Barber of Seville, Act
I. in Matthews, Chief European Drama-
tists. 33:.

: \f> Ibid.

1 1-. Bioni Eric. Mozart, 119a.

n8. Lonicnic, Bemmiarchais, 250.

119. Ibid., 252.

120. Le Moriage de Figaro, directions to the
players, in Beaumarchais, Oeuvres, 184.

121. Itnd^ Act II, Sc. ii.

~ on

in. V, vii.

113. V, xii.

114. II, xxi.

115. V, iii.

1 16. Preface, Ocuvrcs, 171.

117. Lorncnic. Beauntarcbais, 351.

128. Ibid., 383.84.

129. Havens, 382.

130. Lomcnic. 348.

CHAPTER XtftfVlI

1. Sec, Economic mi Social Conditions, 8.

I. Labroussc. C. E., in Cobban, Historian!
and . . . the French Revolution, 35.

3. Young, Arthur, Travels in France, j°-

4. Ibid.. ig.

5. Herbert, Fall of Feudalism, 5-10.

6. Ibid., 11, 15.

7. Lefebvre. Georges, Coming of the French
Revolution. 121.

8. See, Economic Conditions, 54.

9. Jaures, Hist aire socialist c, I, 36.

10. Mornet, Origines imcileciucllej de la Re-
volution, 143.

I I . Michelet. Histoirc de France, V, 548.

12. Martin, H., France, XVI, 51m.

13. Tocqueville, 193; Taine, Ancient Regime,
300 (.; Taine. French Revolution, 1, 157.

14. Goodwin, The European Nobility, 41.

15. Argenson, Marquis d', Pensees sar la re-
formation de I'etat, in See. Economic
Conditions, 109.

16. Young, 24.

17. Herbert, Fall of Feudalism, 58; See, 5;
Gershoy, From Despotism to Revolution,
310.

18. Cliamfort, Maxhnes, 90.

19. Young, 125,61.

20. Lefebvre. 116; see also Taine, Ancient
Regime, 335-36.

21. Lefebvre, 118.

22. Ibid.

23. faures. 1. 16.

24. X -. CMH, VII, 237.

25. Mousnier and Labrousse. L.. D-Jr-iiuiti-
bue Siecle, 137.

26. Strvienski, Eighteenth Century, 271.

27. Lefebvre. 87

28. Jt croix, Eighteenth century in France,

34°'

29. Fren -h, Sidney, Torch and Crucible: The
Life and Death of Antoine Lavoisier, 87.

3<. '. iung, 103.

31 Lefebvre, 97.

32. Ibid., is.

33. See, 183; Renard mt> Wcukrsee, Life and
Work in Modern I ■ -ipe, 198.

34. Mousnier and Labroussc, 186.

35. Taine, Ancient Regime. 387.

36. 'bid., 388.

37. Jaures, Histoire socialiste, \ 109.

38. Ibid., 1 io.

39. Ibid.

40. Taine, Ancient Regime, 334.

41. Ibid., 361.

4;. Lccky, V, 394; Gershoy, 308.

43. Jaures, 1, 69.

44. Ibid.. 68.
4?. Sic, 148.

46. Cobban, History of Modern France, 1,
113.

47. Jaures, 1, 62; See, 197*98.

48. Taine. Ancient Regime; 3*1-52.
4<j. Lefebvre, 14.

<o, laures, 1,62.

51. Ibid.. 98.

5;. Beard. Miriam, History of the Business

Man, 404.
5;. Taine. 320.

54. Beard. Aliriam, 352.

55. Lecky, W484.

56. See above. Ch. iii. Sec. v.

57. Lichtcnl)crgcr, Andre. Le Socialisntc el
la Riholution francaisc, 35; Martin.
Kingslcy, Rise of French Liberal
Thought, z<2.

58. L ; chtenberger, 447.

59. Ii id., 446-50.

60. Lnc. Brit., II. 238b.

61. Lichtenbcrger, 44: f.

62. Mornet, 360.

63. Ibid., 164: Lefebvre, 43.

64. Cumming, Ian, Hclvetius, 126-28.

65. Ibid., 1 19.

66. Fulop-Miller, R., Power and Secret of
the Jesuits, 436.

67. Fay, La Franc-Ma fonnerie. 142.

68. Georgel, Memoirs, II. 310, in Buckle, lb,
665.

69. Mornet. 450.

CHAPTER r/xvtu

1. Young, Arthur, Travels in France, 15.
2 Segur, Maiie Antoinette, m; Castelot,
184.

3. Fay, Louis XVI, 293.

4. Gooch, Mori, Theresa. 168.

5. Vigee-Lebrun, Memoirs, 57,

6. Mossiker, Queen's Necklace, 36.

7. Ibid., 37, 200. 203.

8. 105.

9. Vie de Jeanne de Valois. by herself, in
Mossiker, 63.

10. Enc. Brit., VII, 321a.

11. Mossiker, 183-84.

12. Ibid., 226.

13. 173-

14. 269.

15. Fay, Louis XVI, 275.

16. Mossiker. ix.

17. Martin, H-, France, XVI, 539.

- oU

18. Taine, Ancient Regime, 92.

JO.

19. Martin, H., XVT, 573.

5»-

i<>. Paine, Thomas, The Rights of Mast, 80.

Si-

11. Stryienski, Eighteenth Century, 286.

5J-

». Young, Arthur, 92.

54-

23. Ibid^ 97.

55-

24. Gucrard, A., life mid Death of en Ideal,

56.

308.

57-

25. Martin, H, France, XVI, 597.

,8.

26. Lefebvre, 19; Cobban, History. of Modem

59-

France, I, 128.

60.

27. Martin, H, XVT, 608.

61.

18. Stewart, J. H, Documentary Survey of

62.

the French Revolution, 27-29; Martin,

63.

H., XVI 612.

19. Michelet, The French Revolution, 118.

64.

30, Michelet, Histoirc de France, V, 545.

65.

31. Fay, Louis XVI, 308; Taine, French Rev-

66.

olution, L, 2.

67.

32. Aulard, I, 129; Michelet, French Revolu-

68.

tion, 73- ,
33. Lichtenbcrger, 20; Martin, H., XVI. 6ion.

69.

70.

34, Tocqueville, 121.

11.

3J. Herbert, Fall of Feudalism, 76, 87.

7*-

36. Ibid^ 76.

37. CMH, VIII, 128.

73-

38. Barthou, Louis, Mkabeau, 11.

74-

39, Ibid., 62.

75-

40. 68.

41. Michelet, Histoire de France, V, jij.

42. Crocker, Embattled Philosopher, 436.

76.

43. Barthou, 91.

44. Ibid., 97.

77-

45- "8-

78.

46. 138.

79-

47. 162.

80.

48. 163; Martin, HL France, XVI, 624.

81.

49. Jaures, I, 77.

82.

Michelet. Histoire de France, V, 554.
Herbert, Fall of Feudalism, 95.
Taine, French Revolution, I, 17.
Taine, Ancient Regime, 378.
Martin, H, France, XVI, 625.
Lefebvre, 94.
Enc. flrfe, XVI, 900a.
Fav, Lotos XVI, 312.
Ibid^ joj.

Enc. Brit^ XII, 491b.
Taine. French Revolution, 1, 18.
Enc . Briu XII, 491b.
Taine. I, 28.

CMH, VIII, 133; Cobban, History of
Modern France, 1, 140.
Barthou, 171.
Young, Arthur. 153.
Lefebvre, 72.
Young, 176.
Lefebvre, 76.
Young, 176.
Lefebvre, 77.
Young, 177.

Michelet, French Revolution, 137; Le-
febvre, 80-81.

Speech of July 8, 1789, in Barthou, 186. •
Mme. Ctmpan, Memoirs, 1, 358.
Mme. de Stael. Considerations sur la
Revolution francaise, in Ducros, French
Society, 316.

Kropotkin, Peter, The Great French
Revolution, 61-63.
Michelet, French Revolution, 133.
Ibid^ 141.
Lefebvre, 86-

Taine, French Revolution, L 42.
Michelet, French Revolution, 150.
Lefebvre, 101.

^Av/»«nn <~& M &#*?•>

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