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19.

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21.

12.

CHAPTER XVI

1. Montagu. Lady Miry W, Letters, I, 371;
cf. Macdonald, Duncan, The Religious
Attitude to Life in Islam, 116.

2. Lane, Edward W., Manners and Cus-
toms of the Modern Egyptians, 1, 148:
Macdonald, Duncan, Development of
Muslim Theology, 283; Wherry, E. M„
Commentary on the Quran, I, 181.

3. Macdonald, D., Religious Attitude, til.

4. Doughty, Charles M., Travels ht Arabia
Deserta, II, 99.

5. Halsband. Robert, Life of Lady Mary
U-'ortley Montagu, 73.

<S. Lane-Poole, Stanley, Story of Turkey,

319.
7. Burton, Sir Richard, Personal Narrathe

of a Pilgrimage to AUMad'trutb and Mec-

cah, II, 94-

Lener of Apr. 18, 1717, in Montagu, Let-

ters,ljiS-

Letter of Apr. 1, >7'7. "» wme, j86.
Friedlander, L n Roman Life and Man-
ners, II, 201.

Frederick, Mernoires, I, jj.
Sir Wm. Perry, Political Arutrmctic
(.683).

Halsband, 74- ,

See The Age of Louis XIV, 425-16.
Lane, I. J7 J .
Lanc-Poolc, Cairo, 180.
Lane, I, 08.
Ibid., 66.

Ene. Brit,, I, 618a.
Ibid., XV, 8i6d.

Tovnlwc, A Study of History, 1. 161,
Browne, Edward G, Literary History of
Persia, IV, 135.
13. /Wi., 136; Sykes, Sir Percy, History of
Persia, II, »6o.

24. Ibid., 267.

25. £nc. BnV„ XII, 705b; Pope, Arthur U.,
Sf/rwy of <P<t««h ,4rf, IV, 470, 497-J0<5.

26. SvkcS, II, 201.

27. Pope, Arthur m Introduction to Persian
Art, 140.

18. Browne, E. G, IV, 28;.

19. Ibid., 192-06.

CHAPTER XVII

1. Frederick the Great, Mernoires, I, 207,

2. Lyashchcnko, Peter, History of the Na-
tional Economy of Russia, 271-73.

3. Ibid.

4. Rcau, Louis, L'Art russe, II, 88.

5. Florinskv, M. T., Russia: A History and
an Interpretation, I, 575.

6. Mavor, James, Economic History of Rut-
sia. 1. 4?-.

7. Rcau, II, 88.

i. Alavor, I, 408-99.

9. Bernal. J.D., Science in History, 360.

0. Coxe. Wm, Travels in Poland, Russia,

S-cedcv, and Denmark, I, 181-82.

Castdra. J., History of Catherine II, 174.

Dorn, Competition for Empire, 70.

Florinsks, I, 600; Bruckner, A., Literary

History of Russia, 113.

Coxe, Travels, I, 322,

Masson, Memoirs of Catherine II and

Her Court, 250.

Pougin, Arthur, Short History of Rus~

■sian Music, 10/.

Rcau. II, J5.

18. Bruckner, 78.

19. Walisxcwski, K., History of Russian Lit-
erature, I, 57.

- m -

io. Wiener, Leo, Anthology of Russian Lit-

erattn;, I, 124-29,
j 1. Rambaud, Alfred, History of Russia, II,

170.
is. Waliszewski, Veter the Great, 214.
23. Waliszewski, Russian Literature, 83.
;4, Ibid,
15. 85.

26. Catherine the Great, Memoirs, 60.

27. Waliszewski, Romance of an Empress,

47 •
iR. Ibid.
29. 25.
u>. Kluchevsky, V. O., History of Russia,

IV. 354- '

31. Catherine, Mctnoirs, 58.

12, Gooch, G. P., Catherine the Great, 11.

3V C/UH, VI, 317.

34. Carlylv, History of Frederich the Second,
W294.

35. Waliszewski, Romance of an Empress,

14-
3(1. Kluchevskv, IV, 358.

37. Casanova, Memoirs, 1, 33-34.

38. C7WH, VI, 658.

39. Catherine, Memoirs. 28.

40. /Wd„ 44-4^.

41. 29-30.

42. 54.

43. 02.

4?. 6?.

46. CMH, VI, 6,9

47. Waliszewski, Romance, 78.

48. /Aid.

49. Kluchevsky, IV, 360.

50. Castera. 122-23.

51. Waliszewski. Romance, 91.

52. Catherine, Memoirs, 205.

53. Castera, 89.

54. Walpolc. H., Memoirs of the Reign of
King George III, 1. 141.

55. Catherine. Memoirs, 208.

56. Gooch, Catherine, 8.

57. Catherine, 301.
<8, Ibid,, 240.

5°' 155 f-

60. Waliszewski, Romance, 102; Crocker,
7'fce Embattled I'bilosopher, 378.

61. Catherine, 271-74; Waliszewski, Romance,
119,

62. /Aid., 125.

63. Catherine, 282.

64. Waliszewski, Romance, 145,

65. Enc. Brit., XVII, 645b

66. Castera, 153.

67. Rambaud, H, 175.

68. Kluchevsky, IV*. 366.

69. Castera, 147, 157.

70. Ibid., 116; CMH, VI, 328.

71. Kluchevsky. IV, 36:.

72. Castera, 152.

73. Waliszewski, Romance, 166.

74. Ibid., 166; Castera, 158.

75. Waliszewski, 166.

76. Ibid., 164.

77. Gooch, Catherine, 16.

78. Catherine, 343.

79. Ibid.

80. Waliszewski, Romance, 176.

CHAPTER XVI11

1. Letter of Catherine to Potcmkin, Aug. 2,
1762, in Catherine, Memoirs, 347.

I, Kluchevsky, IV, 371.

3. Catherine. 345.

4. Kluchevsky, IV, 371.
,. Catherine, 345,

6, Florinskv, 1, 102.

7. CMH, VI, 663.

8. Waliszewski, Romance of an Empress,
199.

9, Ibid.

10. Catherine, 370.

II. Gershoy, From Despotism to Revolution,
301.

1;. Rambaud, II, 207.

13. Florinskv, 1, 504.

14. Brandos, Voltaire, iv,-

15. Florinskv. I, ^04.

16. Catherine, 263-72.

17. Masson, Memoirs of Catherine II and
Her Court, 97.

iK. Waliszewski, Romance, 383-88. Gooch,
Catherine, 38.

19. Waliszewski, 4-6.

20. Masson, Memoirs, 98.

21. Ibid.

22. Catherine, 360.

23. Ibid., 20.

24. Lewis, D. B. W„ Four Favorites, 19*.

25. Catherine, 376.
:o. Ibid,, 48.

27. Gooch, Catherine the Great, 41.

28. Masson, Memoirs, 11A.

29. Waliszewski, Romance, 448.

30. Masson, iiS.

31. Parton, Life of Voltaire, II, 386; Gooch.
58.

32. Voltaire, letter of May 18, 1767. in Dcs-
noiresterrcs, VI. 380.

33. Parton, II, 388.

34. Desnoirwterres, VI, 380.

35. Letter of Sept. 7, 1764.

36. Crocker, Embattled Philosopher, 373.

37. Diderot, Oeuvres, 28.

38. In Ellis, Havelock, The New Spirit, 47.

39. Morley, John, Diderot, II, 113.

40. Ibid,, 1 14.

41. In Fapuet, Dix-huitieme Siecle, 24:,

42. Crocker, 380.

43. Saintc-Beuve, Portraits of the iSth Cen
tury, IL215.

- £TY -

44. Padovcr, Revolutionary Emperor, 161.

45. Sainte-Beuve, U, 216.

46. Catherine, 365.

47. Castera, 126; cf. Waliszewski, Romance,
Vl'-Si

48. Coxc, Travels in Poland, HI, 156; Castera.

J85.

49. Quoted by Voltaire in Philosophical
Dictionary, II, 101.

50. Florinsky, 1, 511; CMH, VI, 686.

51. In Gooch. Catherine, 69.

51. Voltaire to Catherine, Feb. 26, 1769.

53. In R«mbaud, II, 106.

54. Voltaire, Phil. Diet., art. "Power."

55. Mavor, Economic History of Russia, I,
241 ; Rambaud, II, 211.

56. Waliszewski, Romance, 365.

57. Garrison. F., History of Medicine, 400.

58. Castera. Catherine, 397; Rambaud, 11. 212.

59. Mavor, I, 3)3-14.

60. /Aid., 472.

61. CMH, VI, 690.

6:. Waliszewski, Romance, 298.
63. Lyashchenko, 273.
04. ,\iavor, 1, 104-08.

65. Gershoy, 125.

66. Catherine, Memoirs, 385.

67. Gershoy, 123.

68. Florinsky, I, 567-68.

69. Wiil.'v«wski, Romance, 321.

Ii;. it .».

71. Rambaud, II, 192; Cambridge History of

Poland, II, 103.
7:. Gooch, Catherine, 63.

73. Rambaud, II, 19:.

74. CMH, VI, 674.

7?. Quored by George Bancroft in Literary
arid Historical Miscellanies, 359.

76. Gooch, Catherine, 51,

77. Lewis, Four Favorites, 213.

78. Ibid.. 179.

79. 215; Bain. R. N„ The Last King of Po-
land, 175.

80. Florinsky, I, 531.

81. Catherine, 15.

S:. Gilbert, Prince de Ligne, 139; Waliszew-
ski, Romance, 209.

83. Castera, 575.

84. Gooch, Catherine, 96.

85. Red da way, Frederick the Great, 340.

86. Waliszewski, Romance, 222, :8i.

87. Ibid^ 388. '

88. Catherine, 377,

89. CMH, VI, 695.

90. Waliszewski, Romance, iyj.

91. Wiener, Anthology of Russian litera-
tvre, I, 272-76.

92. Ibid, 385.

93- 39°-

94. 381.

95. Waliszewski, History of Russian Litera-
ture, 103.

113.
114.
115.
1 id.
117.

118.

96. Bruckner, Literary History of Russia,
102.

97. Ibid., 115.

98. 116.

99. 105-07.

100. Waliszewski, Romance of an Empress,
342.

101. Reau, VArt russe, II, m,

102. Ibid., 68.

103. Waliszewski, Romance, 349.

104. Enc Brit^ XIX, 747b.

105. Waliszewski, Romance, 346.

106. Reau, II, 76.

107. Ibid.

108. 79.

109. Masson, Memoirs of Catherine 11 and
Her Court, 93.

no. Gilbert, Prince de Ligne, 143,

in. Bruckner, 11 a.

112. Morlcy, John, Diderot, II, 1*8; Rambaud,

U, Hi-

Ibid., 147.

Masson, Memoirs, 303-06.

Catherine, 20.

Masson, 66.

Gooch in incrod. to Catherine, Memoirs,

10.

Otto Hotzsch in CMH, VI, 701.

CHAPTER XIX

. Gershoy, From Despotism to Revolution,
37-

Goodwin, The European Nobility, 16 1.
Waliszewski, Poland the Unknown, 127.
Bain, R, Kisbct, The Last King of Po-
land, 21; FricdJindcr, L, Roman Life and
Manners, II, 162.
Bain, 43.

Cambridge History of Poland, II, 75.
Ibid^ 76-77; Coxe, Wm, Travels in Po-
land, II, uj.

Nev CMH, VII, 374; Lewinski-Corwin,

E. H„ Political History of Poland, 286,

Stael, Mme. de, Germany, I, 73.

Bain, Last King of Poland, 100.

lb'td^ 59.

31-32.

See Tie Age of Lomt XIV, 374, 385-87.

Lrir, II, 14,

Lewinski-Corwin, 289.

Bain, Last Kmg, 5$.

Ibtd^ 56,

Aldis, Madame Geoffrin, 148.

Florinsky, Russia, L, 517.

Aldis, 251,

lbid n i8j.

CHP, IL, 1 16; Bain, 161.

Bain, Last K rag, m.

Rimbaud, Hinwj „f i{ wn ' a) ji^ , B8 ,

LHP, H t ,,g,

CWP > II, 07-98; Bain, 77-78.

9-
10.
11.
ii.

'3'

14.

'5-
16.

'7-
18.
19.
zo.
21.
22.
*3-
J 4-
'5-
26.

- m -

27. Rambaud, II, 188.

28. Bain, Last King, 78.

29. CHP, II, no.

30. Voltaire, Philosophical Dictionary, ar<,
"Superstition," Sec. 111.

11. Martin, H„ Histotre de France, XVI, 267.
3:. CHP, II, ids,

33. Ibid., 103.

J4. Ibid.; Bain, 108.

3v Bain, Last King, to8.

36. /Wd., 2,

37. Enc. Brit., XVIII, 143d.

38. Trcitschkc, /Jfe of Frederick the Great,
104.

39. CMH, VI, 670.

40. Lewis, D. B. W„ Fo?/r Favorites, 101.

41. Gershoy, 180.

4:. Morlcy'. John, Li'fff of Voltaire, in Vol-
taire, 'H'wA'j, XXlb, 34(1; Florinskv, I,
537-

43. Coxe, Travels in Poland, I, 159.

44. Bain, Last King, 121.

45. CW/'. II, 1M1-82.
4(1. Bain, 10:.

47. CHP, 11. 181-85.

48. Ibid,, 135,

49. Bain, Last King, 149,
?n, /A/'d., 278,

5.. CM/MI, 15s.

CHAPTER XX

1. In Gooch, Frederick the Great, 63.
:. MacLaunn. C. Mm. Mortals, w.
?. Mowat. R. B.. The Age o\ Reason, hi.
4. Gooch. trcderick. ui,
s. Mann. Thos., 77ircc fjwvi, 213.
iV Sir )ainc« Harrison in Gooch. Frederick.
149.

7. In Holland. Musical 7 our. 114.

8. Sev York Times. Mar. iu, 1929.

9. Frederick, letter of Oct. 30. 1770. in Vol-
taire and Frederick, Letters, 314.

10. Crocker, Lester, Age of Crisis. 133.
1:. Gooen. Frederick. 138.

12. Gershoy, From Despotism to Revolution,
no.

i 3. Voltaire and Frederick, Letters, 249.

14. Frederick to Voltaire, Julv 2, 1759, and
Oct. 31, 1760. in Letters, 256, 270,

15. Bertaut, J., Napoleon in His Cnmi
Words, 463.

16. Treitschke, Life of Frederick, 182.

17. In Hazard, Paul, European Thought hi
the iStb Century, 333.

ifi. Stthne-Beuve, Portraits of the lHth Cen-
tury, II, 344,
19. Ibid., 347.
jo. In Mowat, 105.

21. Morlcy, in Voltaire, Works, XXlb,K)<.

22. Sainte-Bcuvc, I, 220-21,

23. Voltaire and Frederick, Letters, 282.

4:.
•Tv

44'
4v

46.
4^

!*■
49-

CMH,

Affairs, in
Revolution,

Carlylc, History of Fricdrich the Second,
IV, 179a

Frederick to Voltaire, Feb. 10, 1767.
Chesterfield to his son, Letter., June 23,
1752.

Scliocnfeld, If 'www of the Teutonic Na-
tions, 299.

Stab'l, Mine, de, Germany, I, itx5; Ger-
shoy, 75.

Paulsen, German Education, 14;.
Gershoy. 184.
Carlylc, Friedrich, VII, 201.
Gershoy, 76; Renard and Weulersce, Life
and Work hi Modem Europe, 197.
Ibid., 299.

Bruford, W. H., Germany in the tHtb
Century, 186.
CMH. VI. 7 18
Gershoy, 84.

Frederick, Testament (176R)
VI, 723.
Bruford, 22.

Casanova. Memoirs, 1, 349.
Burke, Thoughts on French
Reflections on the French

!O0.

Pascal, Ro\ , The German Sturm und

Drang, 75-76.

Goethe. Truth and Nauru, 1. 16;.

Sinie, James. Lessing, II, 131.

Schiller, Voevis, 2 19-20, In Works.

Lckermann and Sorct, Conversations ivith

Goethe. 79.

Stael, Mme. de. Germany, 1,44.

Bruford. 39.

Enc. Brit., IX, tub.

Padovcr, Revolutionary Emperor, 281,1.

Campbell, Thos.. The Jesuits, At 1.

Smith. Preserved, Historri of Modern

Culture, II, ,104

Smirh. \" K., Commentary to Kam>

"Critiam 0) hire Reason,'' <i.

Kckermann. introduction.

Stael, Mmc. de. Germain. 1, 1 18.

Hid.. I !<■-!".

Goethe. Truth and Fiction, II, 231- In
Works.

F. C. Schlosser in Monroe. Paul. Text-
book in the History of Education, 560.
Motley in Voltaire. Works. XXlb, 153.
Nettle. Mozart and Masonry, 9.
Robertson, J, Al„ Short History of Free
thought, II, 318.
Ibid.

Sine, Lessing, 1, 27.

Garland, H. B., Lessing, 154.

Ibid., 118.

Lessing, Laocoon, 190; Ch. xxvi, nd. m»V-

Bosanquet, History of Aesthetic, 22 m.

Lessing, Laocoon. 56.

iAM., s-7-

- m -

69.
70.

7>-

7i-

73-
74-
75-
76.

77-

78.
79-

Bo.
81.

8z.
8}.

85.
86.
H 7 .

86.
89.

90.

91.
91.

93
94-
95-
96.

97-
98.
99.
too.

101.
101.
JO}.

104.

105.
106.

107.

108.

109.
no.
in.
in.

iij.
114.

"$■'
116.
117.
118.
up.

Sime, II, 4.

IWi, 55. ,

Lessing, Hambwgiscbt Dramaturgic, No.
70, in Garland; 64.

Lessing, SOmtlicbe Scbriften, X, 53, m
Sime, II, >o6.
Sime, II, 85.
Casanova, U, 171.
Set Tbe Age of Voltaire, 501.
Sime, II, J48.

Lessing, Education of tbe Human Rjsce,
No, 74 (Harvard Classics, Vol. XXX11,
jii).

t«d.,Nos. 85-86.

Brandts, Goethe, I, 434! Cassirer, Phi-
losophy of tbe Enlightenment, 100.
Sime, II, 300; Brandes, Goethe, 1.434'
Sime, II, 346.
/AM, 330.

Klopsrock, The Messiah, ad finem.
Goethe, Truth and Fiction, I, 79; II, 5.
In Works.

Penguin Book of German Verse, (75.
Ibid., 178-00.

Goethe, Truth and Fiction, II, 350. In
Works.

Eckermann, 370 (Feb. 18, 1B19).
Boehn, Max von, Modes end Manners,
IV, 338.

Pascal, Roy, Tbe German Sturm und
Dranx., 5.

•':.--, Jl.

i'Vancke, Kuno, History of German Lit-
erature, jii. '

/AM, 310.
Boehn, 114.

Schloss Tiefurt, near Weimar.
Schlosjmuseom, Weimar.
Sanssouci Palace, Potsdam.
Winckelmann, II, 36.

Leipzig, Museum der Bildenden Kiinsrc.
Munich, Ne»e Pinakothek.
Dresden Gcmaldegalerie.
Winttrthur, Museum des Kurotvereins,
Schlossmuseum, Weimar.
Dresden Gemaldegalerie,
Weimar Museum.
Jahn, Mozart, IH, 135.
Lang, P. H„ Music in Western Civiliza-
tion, 589.

Grove's Dictionary of Music, I, m;
Jahn, II, 65.

Grove's, 1, 14J-J5, 177-81.
Gooch, Frederick, 198.
Frederick. Memoires, I, j6 f.
Gooch, 309.
/AM, 305.
319.

3*3-

Frederick, Memoires, I, 56,
Gooch, Frederick, 319.
/AM. »8o.

110. 292.
ui. 187.
IIJ. 387.
1:3. 191.

124. 89.

115. 194.

1 26. In Hauser, Arnold, Social History of Art,
II, 601,

1 17. Pascal, Roy, Srurw und Drang, 41.

118. MacLaurin, Mere Mortals, 101.

119. Gooch. Frederick, 110.

CHAPTER XXI

1. Paulsen, Immartuel Kant, i6n.
1. Oberweg, F, History of Philosophy, II,
139.

3. T. M. Greene in introd. to Kant, Reli-
gion within the Limits of Reason Alone,
xxviii.

4. Ibid., xxx.

j. Paulsen, Kant, 37.

0. Wilson, E. C„ Immartuel Kant, 3.

7. Herder, Briefc sur hefbrde,vng der Hu-
manuiit, in Paulsen, Kant, 40,

8. Williams, H. S, History of Science, III,
17-18.

9. Lovejoy, Anhur, The Great Chain of
Being, 166,

10. Harlow Shapley in Wilson, Irmtumuel
Kant, 51,

11. Kant, Critique of Judgment, II, 78; Paul-
sen, 17m.

12. Oberweg, II, ijo.

13. Paulsen, 27m.

14. In Smith, N. K, Commentary, adx

15. Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, 1st ed, 1}
(preface).

16. Critique of Judgment, I, 3.

17. Pure Reason, 1st German ed., 10 (pref-
ace).

18. Pure Reason, xd German ed., xliii.
10. Ibid., xxx, xxxiv.

jo. Prolegomena 10 Any Future Metaphy-
sics, 9 (preface).
Ji. In Paulsen, 96.
22. Pure Reason, in Germ, cd, 111.

13. Ibid., 1 2 j; Prolegomena, No. id.

14. Pure Reason, 41.

25. Ibid., 307, 37;.

26. Pure Reason, 2d Germ, ed.,
■39, M}.

17. /AM, 4*8.

28. First ed, 622-13.

29. /AM, 627.
jo. 671-73, 67,$.
3!.- +«*•

}2. 683-92, 698.

33- 700.

34- Karl Rcinhold in Paulsen, i J4.

35. Prolegomena, 13 (preface).

36. Pure Reason,'fmt ed„ 108, 751.

'3'-33i '3<5.

tr* -

37. Robertson, J. M., Short History of Free-
thought, II, 337.

38. Pure Reason, id ed., xxx, xxxiv.

39. Kant, Fundamental Principles of the Met-
aphysics of Ethics, 35.

40. Kant, Critique of Practical Reason, 313.
41 IHd., 248, 359.

.4:. 141.

43. Fundamental Principles, 68,

44. Ibid., 57.

45. Practical Reason, 108-9, 14C1.

46. Ptire Reason, 2d ed., 571-73.

47. Ibid., xxviii, 566-69, 580-81; Practical Rea-
son, 164 f.

48. Ibid., 259 f.

49. 260.

50. Pwre Reason, ist ed., 819.

51. Cassirer, Rousseau, Kant, and Goethe, 25.

52. Heine, H., Religion and Philosophy in
Germany, in Paulsen, 8a.

53. Critique of Judgment, I, 18, 15.

54. Ibid. ..:

55- 4<5'

56. Critique of Judgment, II, 89.

57. /Wd., 117.

58. Kant, Werkc, VT. 129, in Cassirer, Rous-
seau, Kant, mid Goethe, 39.

59. Obcrwcg, 11, 141.

60. Kant, Religion within the Limits of Rea-
son Alone, 3.

61. Ibid., 8.

62. 8.

63. 28.

64. 29.

6?. Kant, Education, No. 19,

66. Kant, Religion, 35.

67. Kant, "Conjectural Beginning of the His-
tory of Man," in Oberwcg. II. 186.

68. Kant, Religion, 51.
6g. Ibid., 147, 159-61.

70. 142-43.

71. 91,

72. 63.
7h "7-
74- 57. '34'

75. 186.

76. 183-85.

77. 153, 164-65, 168. in.

78. Ibid., xxxtv.

79. Kant, A Philosophical Treatise cm Per-
petual Peace, 10.

80. Ibid., 28.

81. 32.

82. Practical Reason, 34m.

83. Perpetual Peace. 78.

84. Paulsen, 351.

85. Perpetual Peace, 29-30; Smith, K. K.,
Cotmnemary, Ivii.

86. Education. No. 30.

87. Ibid., No. 7.

88. Paulsen, 374.

89. Practical Reason, 32611.

90. Ibid., introd. by T. G. Abbott, xliii.

91. Ibid., xliv.

92. Paulsen, 45.

93. Ibid., 47; Klinkc, Kant for Everyman,
..05.

94. Srackenbcrg, Life ol Kant, 340-54, in
Robertson, J. M., Frecthought, II, 343,

95. Robertson, II, 345,

96. Letter of Apr., 1766, in Religion within
the Limits of Reason Alone, introd.,
xxxvi.

97. Paulsen, 52.

98. Vaihinger, The Philosophy of "As if,"

3'1.

99. Ibid., 316-17.

100, Wittc, Schiller, 46.

101. Schiller, Poems, 290.

102. Eckermann, 79 (Apr. 14, 1824).

103, Emerson, lecture of 1842 on "The Trans-
cendentalist," in Wilson, E. C, hmntmuel
Kant, 23.

CHAPTER XXII

1 1.
12.

'?•

'4'

li.
16.

'"•
18.
19,
20.
11,

24.

2?.

26,

28,
29,
30
31
3^
i)

Eckermann, 138 (Apr. 27, 1825).
Lcwisohn, L„ Goethe. 1, 134.
Schiller to Korncr, Aug, H and Sept. 10,
1787. in Schiller and Korncr. Correspond-
ence. 1, 140-43.
Brandts, Goethe, 1, 307.
Stael, Mmc. de, German). I, 101.
Francke, History of German Literature,

'S3-

Wicland, History of Ag.vhon. 1, xxh:

Francke, 255.

Agathon, I, i!3 (Book m, Ch. ii <■

Ibid., Book in, Ch. iii.

In Francke, 258.

Eckermann, 285 (Sept. 26, 182;..

Mann, Thos., Three Essays, 8.

Goethe, Truth and Fiction. I. ih;. In

Works.

Ibid., .55 f.

200-30.

178.'

» 7 5 -

31v
318,

Goethe, Works. VII, 27.

Truth and Fiction, 1, 306. In Works.

Ibid., 367.

368.

Brandes, Goethe, 1, 71.

Autobiography of Hcinricb Jung-Stilling

in Lcwisohn, 1, 49,

In Ludwig, Emil, Goethe, 31.

Truth and Fiction. I, 407,

In Ludwig, 42.

Eckermann, 291 (Oct, 8, 1827).

E.g., Truth and Fiction, II, 43.

Ibid., 75.

Letter of June, 1771, in Lcwisohn, 1, 57.

- m -

34-
31-
»«■
37>
3»

39-

40.

-li-

4=-

43-
44-
45-
46.

47>
48
49

Truth and Fictional, ua.

Ibid., 143.
Brandes, I, 140.

Sit &« ^ Berliclmgen, Act I,

Sc. ii.

Trart. 11, 167- . , . 1 , „

From Kcsmer's diary, in Lewsohn, 1, V-

Truth, II, 188.

/*»'</, 214

214.

Brandes. I, >7J.

In Ludwig, 87.

Lewisohn, I, 101 ■

Truth, II, 116-17.

Eckcrmann, 52 (Jan. 2, 1824).

Goethe, Werther, lerters of July 19 *"1

n and Aup. 30, '77 1 -
jo. Goethe, letter to Kestncr, Nov. 20, 1774.

in Lewisohn, 1, 105.
51. Sime, Lwjwg, II, 100.
?2. Lewisohn, 1, 101.

5,. Kestncr, letter to Henmngs, Nov. 18,
' 1772, in Pascal, German Sturm una

Drang, 108.

54. Truth, Bool; xn.

55. In Ludwig, 94. . , •

56. Lavatcr's diary, June 28, 1774, in Lewi-
sohn. I, 99.

57. Goethe's letter of Nov. 12, 1816, in
Lewisohn, 11, 262.

58. L'' ..-.cnn, 1, 295.
51, ,-utb, 11, 261, 309.

thj. Translation in Carus, Paul, Goethe, 245-

47-

61. Truth, II, 318, 327.

62. Ibid., 3,60".

63. Clark. Robert. Herder, 160.

64. Truth, II, ii.
6?. Ibid., 16.

66. In Pascal. German Sturm utid Drang, 225.

67. Hciseler, B. von, Schiller, 49.
6K. Schiller, Yopns, 7. In Works.

69. Ihid., 9.

70. CiiMt, Life of St billcr, 15. In Works.

71. Schiiler. The Robbers, Act 1. Sc. ii.

72. Ibid., II, iii.
7?. Ibid.

74. V. i.

75. Hciseler, 47.

7< r >. Ungar, Frederick. Friedrich Schiller, 34,

77. Wittc, Schiller, 131.

78. Hciseler, 83.

79. Schiller, Philosophical Letters, p. 376
(Letter 1). In Works.

80. lbid^]8} (Letter iv).

81. Schiller und Korner, Correspondence, I,

81. Ibid^ 13-16,
8). Hciseler, 85.
a 4 . JWd.

8j, Schiller and Korner, Correspondence, 1,
3°-33-

8<i. Korner to Schiller, July 8, 1785, in Cor-
respondence, 1, 36-

CHAPTER XXIII

Einstein, Mozart, 19.

Goethe, Traffc <""» F»e»on, I, 191 • '«
H'orfe. , , .

Schiller to Korner, July 18 and Aug. J 9-

Schiiler and Korner, Correspondence, I,

Be.

//»#., 00, 168.
Wieland, Obw, imrod.
Brandes, Goethe, II, 166-69.
Lewisohn, II, 209.
Schiller and Korner, L85.
Pascal, German Sturm und Drang, 17.
, Ibid., 18.

17.

Goethe to Jacobi, Not. ii, 17B3.

Goethe to Lavatcr, December, 1783.

Schiller and Korner, 1,85.

Clark. Herder, 240.

Bancroft, Geo., Literary and Historical

Miscellanies, 171.

Herder ro Haniann, Jan,. 13, 1777. m Fas.

cal, 95.

Clark, Herder, 274-77.

Herder to Jacobi. Feb. 6 and Dec. 30,

1784, in Pascal, 104.

Pascal, 104.

Clark, 340.

Pascal, iort.
. Clark, 103 ■
, Ihid., y.2.

■ 357-
. tfS.

, Lewisohn, 1, 133.
Ihid.

I;3.

Erkermann. :H,- (Sept. 26, 18:71.
Lewkohn, 1. 1 34.
Ibid., 135.

137-4"'

141,

146.

150.

Goethe

1776.

Lewisohn. I, i<

Ibid., 156.

22;.

Brandts, 1, 335.

Lewisohn, 1. 5:7.

Ihid., ! 3 fi.

271,
, 3O0\
, Eckcrmann, 251 (Apr. 25, i8n).

Goethe's diary, in Lewisohn, 1, 215.
. Ludwig, 440, '
. Translation by Longfellow,

Lewisohn, 1, 23:.

3'
4'

$■

6,

7'
8.

9>
10,
11.
12.
>1-
14-
H.
16.
'7-

18.

iy.
20.

21.

22.

2.3'
24'

J 5'
26.

=7
28,
29

10

34.
35-
.!«•
17-
38,

19-
40.

4'-

4:.

43'
44'
45'
46.

A7-
48.
49.
?o.

5'-

to Charlotte von btcin. May 24.

?i.

- m -

51. Sec The Age of Reason Begins, 159-05. 103.

53. Goethe, Tasso, Act I, Sc, ii. 104.

54. Ibid,, II, i. 105.

55. 1, ii.

56. Ibid,

57. Letter of Apr. 14, 1783, in Lewisohn, I, 106.
a6<5. 107.

5'i, Ludwig, 155. 108.

59, Lewisohn, I, 309. 109,

frj, Ludwig, 317. no,

ii. Letter of Oct. 8, 1786, in Letters from in,

Italy, 177.

6a, Ludwig, 222. in,

63. Stadelsches Museum, Frankfurt.

64, Lewisohn, 1, 310, nj.
05. Ibid., 311. 114,
W. Eckermann, 133, aoi (Jan, 30, 1815, and 115.

Jan, 18, 1817), 1 i<S,

67, Letters from Italy, Dec. 3, 1786, and Feb, 117,
16,1787. 118.

68, Ibid., Dec. 1 and 3, 1786. 110,

69. Feb. 3, 1787, in Lewisohn, 1, 317. no.

70. In McKinney and Anderson, Music in
History, 511, iji.

71. Eckermann, 113 (Jan, 29, 1817).

72, Taine, Philosophy of Art, in Brandes, m.
Goethe, 1,457, 113,

73, Letter of Dec, 13, 1786, in Lewisohn, 1, 124.
J2}. 125.

74. Lewisohn, 1, 353. iac\
7j, Brandes. I, 469. 117.

76, Lewisohn, 1, 557, u8.

77, Goethe, Poetical Works, J4-42, In Works, 09.

78, Lewisohn, I, 368. 1 30.

79, Ludwig, 300.' iji,

80, Brandes, II, 50. tja,

81, Utter of Jan. 3, 1781, in Lewisohn, 1, 133.
»<?■ '34-

8a. Examples in Lewisohn, I, ioi-j, 186-88, 135,

196-97,219,379. ij(S.

83. Ludwig, 246. 137

84. Schiller and Korner, Correspondence, I, 138,
112. 139,

85. Ibid., 89 (Aug. 28, 1787), 140

86. Letters of July 18 and Aug, iB, 1787. 141

87. Don Carlos, Act 111, Sc, x.

88. Schiller to Korner, Apr. 15, 1786, 14a

89. Korner to Schiller, November, 1788, 143

90. Schiller to Korner, Sept. u, 1788. 144

91. Schiller and Korner, Correspondence, II, 245
330- 146

92. Letter of May 18, 1789. 147

93. Carlyle, Life of Schiller, loj.In Works. 148
04. Letter of Dec. 7, 1787.

95. Hcisder, U4.

96. Letter of Mar. 1, 1790,

97. Heiseler, 119.

98. Schiller to Korner, Feb , 2 2, 1 79 1 . 1 ,

99. Letter of May 24, 1791. 2

100. Schiller, Essays, 203. In Works. 3
ioj. On the Aesthetic Education of Mankind,

Letters vji and x in Essays, 45, 53, 4

102. Letter of May 5, 1792, 5

Ludwig, jseS.

Schiller, Poems, 272. In Works.

Schiller to Goethe, Aug, 17, 1795, in

Schiller and Goethe, Correspondence, I,

88-89.

On Naive and Sentimental Poetry,

Eckermann, Oct. 7, 1817.

C/. letter to Korner, Aug, 19, 1787.

Schiller to Goethe, Aug. 13, 1794.

Schiller to Goethe, Aug. 31, 1704.

Goethe, "Happy Incident," in Carlyle,

Life of Schiller, 305, In Works.

Schiller and Goethe, Correspondence, I,

ibid., j.

6.
, Schiller to Korner, Feb. 1, 17015,

In Ungar, Schiller, 1 29.

Ibid,, 140.

Schiller, Essays, 286, 321. In Works.

Wilheim Meisters Lehrjahre, 1, 324.

Schiller to Korner, Dec. 9, 1794, Feb, aa,

1795, June 15, 1795, July a, 1796.

Lencrs of July a-<j, Oct, 9, and Oct, 23,

179a.

Goethe to Schiller, Jul}' 7, 17015,

Eckermann, Mar, 33, 1829.

Ludwig, 385-86.

Eckermann, Mar. 22, 18 a?.

Lewes, G. H., Lif* of Goethe, II, aoa,

Goethe to Schiller, Jan. iB, 1797.

Hermann and Dorothea, 56-57. In Works.

Brandes, II, 470,

Schiller to Korner, Jan. 5, 1800,

Eckermann, July jj, 1827.

Heiseler, 143.

Ludwig, 386.

Schiller to Charlotte Schimmelmann.

Gocthcto Schiller, Feb. a8, iboi.

Eckermann, Oct, 7, 1817.

Lewisohn, 1, 61,

Utter of Jan. 20, 1801.

Heiseler, 170.

Stai'l, A1mc. de, Germany, I, 182.
. Schiller to Goethe, Dec, ai. 1803, '"

Lewisohn, II, 9a.
. Ibid.

Stac'l, a 3-34.

Lewisohn, II, 393,

Heiseler, 189,

Eckermann, Jan. 18, 1837,

Witte. Schiller, 38.

Goethe to Zelrer, June 1, 1805, in Lewis-
ohn, II, 107.

CHAPTER XXIV

Cf. final lines of Faust, Pan II.
Brandes, Goethe, II, 350,
Recollections of Friedrich von Muller, in
Lewisohn, II, j<Si.
Brandes, 263-64.
. Ibid.

- trr

6. Eckcrmann, Mar. ly, 1820.

7. For the historical background of the
Faust legend sec The Reformation, 8ci.

8. Goethe, Truth and Fiction, II, 21-12. In
• Works.

9. Lewisohn, 1, 123.

10, I hid.

11, Eckerniann, Feb. 10, 1829.
11. Brandes, 305.

13. In the Gesamtausgabe by Breitkopf and
Hand,

14. Translation by Albert Larhani in Every-
man's Library cd, of Faust,

15. Eckerniann, Jan. 10, 18:5,

16. Latham's translation, p. 51.

17. Ibid., 1 17-19.

18. 116.

19. Brandes, 229.

20. Lewisohn, II, 174.

21. Elective Affinities, English tr., 335. In
Works.

22. Ibid., i8u.

23. :iB,

24. Ludwig, 427.

25. I hid., 429,

26. 45 j.

27. Lewisohn, It, 202-4.

28. Ludwig. .mc

:y. Lewisohn. 11, 250.
30. Ibid., 2.03,

1i. M-

3:. u>(>-8.

33 Lngar, Frederick, Goethe's World I';'rji\

9,
14. .Magnus, Rudolf, Goethe as a Scientist,

221.
3?. Ibid,, xvi-xviii, 209.

36. 197.

37. , 7 S.

38'. Goethe's letter of May 17, 1787.

30. Magnus, 73.

40. Ibid. ,'78; Brandes, 46:.

41. Ibid., 4:9.

42. Magnus, 42.

43. Luciwig, 188.

44. Magnus, 136.

4;. Eckerniann, Apr, 16, 18:5.

40. Ungar, Goethe's World Vieu: 31.

47. ;au., 77.

48. ffl»», Pan II, line 1754.

49. Ungar, Goethe's World Vtcw, 9, 105.

50. Letter of Jan. 6, 1798.
y i . Ungar, 99.

52. Goethe, Truth and Fiction, II, 10S. In
Works.

53. Quoted in Mann, Tlrree Essays, 49.

54. Truth and Fiction, Part III, Boo); 11,
yj. Ludwig, 3, ,

f6. Umrar, Goethe's )Torld Vicv:, 47.

58. Truth and Fiction, II, 272-73,

59, Lewisohn, 1. 255.

I'm. Trtith and Fiction, Book xiv.

61.
62.
63.
64.
65.

66.

67.
68.
69.
70.

7>-
7 2 -
73-
74-
75 •
76.

77-
78.

7V-
80,
81,
82.

83.
84.
8;.
86.
87.
88,
89,
00.

91,

QJ.

04.

9.N-

c/i.
07.
98.
90.

lOll.
Mil,
102.
101.
IO4.
10!.
!(/),
107.
I08.

109.
I 10,

Ungar, Goethe's World View, 47.
Ibid., 41.

37-
37-

43-45; Smith, Preserved, Age of the Ref-
ormation, 712.
Truth and Fiction, II, 311 f.
Ungar, Goethe's World V'icv.', yy,
Ludwig, 206.
Ibid.. 4J7.

Recollections of Johann Falk, in Lewis-
ohn, 11. 210.

Goethe to Zclter, May n, 1820,
Brandes, I, 437.

Uncar, Goethe's World Vievi, 81.
Ibii., 6,

Eckerniann, Apr. 2, 1829,
Ungar, 167.
Ibid., 129.

16.

89.

Truth and Fiction. 1, 411.

Wilhehn Mcistcrs Le/irj.ihrc, Book VII,

Ch, iii.

Ibid., Book V, Ch. iii.

Carus. Goethe, 168.

Faust. Part II, Act 11.

Eckerniann, Jan. 4, 1824.

Ungar, Goethe's World View, 59.

Eckerniann, Feb, 13, 1829,

Ungar, 141,

Ibid.

91.

Lewisohn, II. 438,

Faust. Part II. p. 341.

Ibid., jci-.

Friedrich von Midler. . in Lewisohn. I!.

370.

Ibid., n t.

370.

4*u.

Goethe to Ztltcr, Dec. 14. ih^o.

Lewisohn, II, 4.1.

Ungar. Goethe s World I'iex.; mi.

.Mann. Three Essa\t. 63.

1 ruth and Fiction, II, 246.

Ludwig. 29;.

Ibid., .\-i.

In Mann, 47.

Lewisohn, II. 254.

In FricdcII, Egon, Cultural lliuory of

the Modern Age, I, 272.

In Mann. 64.

We have followed the account given bv

K. W. Muller in 1832, in Lewisohn. ll.

449 f.

Eckerniann, 57:.

CHAPTER XXV

In Masson, P. ,M„ La Religion dc Rous-
seau, II, 240.

ifi

i See "* : tTi)K)i) of Raljiii Akib," and art.

"Jims' in Philosophical Dictionary.
]. Ibid., Sec. in.
i. Sec:, iv.
;. Sec The Age of Voltaire, Ch. xiii, Sec.

VII.

i\ CI. Black, J. B., The Art of History, 49-

7. Graetz. H„ History of ihe Jews. V, 346.
h. Gay, Voltaire's Politics, 352.
9. Gwck, \', 347.

10. RousMiau, Emilc, i6y-6H.

11. Soinbart, W„ T/jc Jetw awrf Modem
Capitalism, 56,

12. Lea, H. C., History o\ the Inquisition iv
Spain. Ill, 308-1 1.

13. Altamira, History of Spain, 462.

14. Partuii, Lite of Voltaire, 1, 161.

H. Bell, Aubrey, Portuguese Literature, 280.

16. Lea. III. lid.

17. Abbott, G. F.. Israel in Europe, 209.

18. Abrahams. I., Jewish Life hi the Middle
Ages, 214.

19. llnJ.

:o. Fadover, The Revolutionary Emperor,

u:.
11. /fM'i'j/,' Encyclopedia. XII. 434; Patlovcr,

iq f: Graetz, \', 357.
is. Padovcr, 257.
21. Letter cif May 17, 1717, in Montagu,

Lady Mary W„ Letters and Worki, 11,

121.

24. Dubmrw, !i. M., History o\ tin lews hi
Kuisi.i and Poland, 1, jft-sb. Florin.skv.
/OfJli.i, 1, 490

.•;. Dubnow. I, 3 or
//'i',/. thg.

IC«(;-7I

I'IMl,,

1 79-ho,

1WJ-8G.

Roth. Cecil. 7"/jf Jewish Contribution to

Civilisation. ih.

Mimliart. 21.

/i'-.- En:.. XIX, a 1 ha.

I hid., 4M-ih.

Corti, Keon (.',. Rise ol the House of

Rothschild. I. 19.

George, Ai. Dorothy, London Life in the

ifith Century, 127.

Bcsant, Sir Walter, London hi the tStl:

Century, 178.

Roth. 24:.

Finkelstcm. Louis, ed., The Jew, I, 260.

Keiant. iHn.

Browne. Lewis, The Wisdom of Israel.

551.

IJubnov, 1, 233,

I!- id.. 2.-! f. ; Baron, Salo, Social arid Rcli-

Itiout History of the ]evis, 11, 54 fv

L-r.irt?.. V, 374 f, Howe and Greciiberg,

Treasury of Yiddish Stories. 15 f.

v..

2H.
21;
10.
1 1.

12-

S'l.

17,
18.

3<>-
40.

4i-
41.

43 •

44.

Graetz, V, 204,

Hcnsel, S., The Mendelssohn Family, 4.

Sinic, Lessing, I, 133.

Graetz, V, 298.

In Wolf, A., History ol Science . . . iv

the iHth Century 781.

Graetz., V, 300.

Ibid., 311.

Hensel, 10.

Graetz, V, 317.

Jew. Enc. VIII, 4 8id.

Graet?., V, 365.

Ibid., 355,

CHAPTER XXVI

Voltaire, Works, lb, 30:.

In Hcrold, J„ The Swiss without Haloi,

1 06.
. Oechsli, W., History of Switzerland, 200.

Partem, Life of Voltaire. II, 45S.

Lcwisohn. II, 238-39.

Goethe, Tn/ffe <rac/ Fiction, II, 240-4(1, 252,

375, 39R-404, In H'ori'J.
. Holherg, Ludwig, Selected Essays, p. 48

(Epistle 48).

Lady Alary Wortley Montagu, letters of

Aug. 3 and 1, 1716, in Letters and Works,

II. uo-27.
. Desnoiresterres, Voltaire et la socictc

trancaisc, 1, 237.
, Bosvell in Holland. 18F.
. Gumming, Ian. Hehetius, <;o.
. Smith, Adam, Wealth ol Nations, 1, 81.

Parton, Life of Voltaire, I, i<2,
. Blok, P. J„ History of the People of the

Netherlands, Pan V, 174 f.; Robertson,

J. M., Short History of Freetbousiht. II,

353-

Blok, V, 1K3.
, Ibid., (j:,

fio.

, Dillon, Ldw., GMw. 295 f.-, Sitwell, S..

The Netherlands. 147.
. George Dempttr to Boswcll, Aug. 20,

1763.

hosixeil in Holland, 9;.

I bid., 317.

Herold, Mitiress to av. Age, 141,

Ibid., 144.

Blok, V. 56.

Ibid,, 108

Horn, F. W., History of the Literature

of the Scandinavian North. 187.
, Freedlcy and Reeves, History of the

Theatre, 268.

Holberg, Seven One-Act Plays, 165-87,

Matthews, Brander, The Chief European

Dramatists, 705.

Holberg, Journey of Niels Klim to the

U'ttrld Underground, 10

Ibid., 18.

3 J -

_ tro -

33. x>9.

34. 191.

35. 109.

36. Translation by Longfellow, in Van
Doren, Mark, Anthology of World Po-
etry, 981.

37. Horn, Scandinavian literature, 117.

38. Goodwin, A., European Nobility, 136.

39. CMH, VI, 70*.

40. Bain, R. N., Gustavus III, I, $<S.

41. CAf Hi' VI, 768;

41. Bain, Gustavus 111, 1, 114.

43. Andemon, lngvar, History of Sweden,
tBi.

44. Higgs, The Physiocrats, 87.

45. Bain, Gustavus 111, I, 163.

46. CvWH, VI, 770.

47. Enc. Brit., XXI, 6530; Smith, Preserved,
History of Modern Culture, II, 460, 108.

48. Gustafson, Alrik, History of Swedish
Literature, in, 13d.

49. Bain, Gustavus III, 1, 260; Horn, 355.

50. Bain, II, 139.

51. Horn, 3j9 f,

j2. Gustafson, 139 f.

53. Bain, Gustavus 111, 11, 286-88; Gustafson.

'39 f-

5.1. Horn, 369.
u Bain, II, 210.
56. Ibid., 1, 38.
J7. /to/., II, 157.

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