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APOLOGY

i. Rr.uulcs, (.1, Voltaire, 1,4.

2 Cousin, Victor, Hist aire Je la philoso-
phic, 111 Buckle, II 'I ,, Hmory of Civi-
lization 111 EnghnJ, I, f 1911

\. Volt aire. Age of Lows XIV, ifi.

CHAITKR 1

1 IJr.uuk's, Volume, I, 10
2. Und,, \\, I'jrton, Jjnioh, Life of Vol-
ume, I, 16, Campbell, T. J., The Jesuits,

U4-
). Dcsnoiresterrcs, Voltaire et la soeieti
fraiicahe an Aw'/i 1- sticle, I, 32.

4. Ibid., 17-18.

5. Letter of Feb. 7, 1746, to Father Latour,
in Dcsnoircsicnvs. I, 14; Brandes, I, 44.

f> P,irton, I, f ).

7. Hazard, Paul, European Thought in

the iStb Century, ng.
H Parton, I, 66
9 Dcsnoiresrerrcs, I, 171.

10. Duclos, C. P., Secret .Memoirs 0] the
Regency, 6

1 1. Saint-Simon, Memoirs, II, 129,

12. Duilos, iu.

i). Saint-Simon, II, 326.

14. Dcsnoiresrerrcs, I, 96.

15. YV'orniclc), K. P., Correspondence o\
Madame, Princess Palatine, . . , Marie
Adelaide de Savoie, . . , and Mine, de
Maintenon, 29.

16. (iui/.ot, F„ History of France, V, 3.

17. Martin, 1 1cm i, Hhtoire de France, XV,

M.
iN. Ductus, Loins, French Society in the

iSth Century, <*.
111. Martin, H., XV, m-22, Desnoircsturrcs,

1, 164.
2i>. Str\ ienski, C, Eighteenth Century, 82.

21. Heard, Miriam, History of the Bu»incs\
Man, 47.

22. Martin, H., XV, 53.

z\. Voltaire, Works, XVI, 20.

24. .Martin, H., XV, 54.

is. Michelet, J., Hhtoire de France, V,

268.

26. Saint-Simon, II, 232.

27. Ibid., Ill, 1 39.

28 Martin, H , XV, 62.
29. Saint-Simon, III, 243,
10 In Lucroix, Paul, Eighteenth Century hi
France, 201.

8ll

u
u.
n.
u-

H

16.

w-

iH.
W-
40.

4'
42.

43.
44-

45-
46.

47-
4«.
49.
50.
Si-
52.
*}•

54-
55-

<!(,.

V-
5«.
Vh
(So.
ni.

02.

*\.
64.

^.
M>,
Ay.

6H.
69.
70.

7'-
7>
7V

74-

Wornieley, 31.

(iui/.ot, V, 42.

Duclos, Secret Memoirs, 70.

Martin, H., XV. 107.

Saint-Simon, HI, 13H.

,M it holer, V, 133.

Ibid., 135.

Saint-Simon, HI, 69.

Voltaire, Worfa,XVU, 155

Saint-Simon, HI, 418.

Cambridge Modern llhtory, II, 1 ()•

Michelet, V, 197, Murun, IL, XV, 1111

Duclos, Secret Memoirs, 8.

Ercole, L., Gay Court Life in France in

the 18 th Century, 18-20.

Saint-Simon, III, 69.

Frcole, 27.

Ibid., 10.

Ducrns, French Society, $6.

F.rcole, 44.

Camb. Mod. History, VI, 132.

Duclos, iii'i ret Memoirs, 131.

Ercole, 44.

Martin, H., XIV, 5fan., and Michelet,

V, 160, credit the charge of incest.

Martin, XV, 12.

Dupuy, Dialogues sttr les plaisirs, 14, in

Crocker, L O., Age of Crisis, 117.

Brtincticrc, F., Manual of the History

of French Literature, 282.

Wornieley, 30.

Lacroix, 83,

Michelet, V, 251.

Martin, H., XV, 339.

Ratiffol, L., The Great Literary Salons,

103.

Toth, K., Woman and Rococo tn

Frame, 107.

Ibid.

I.jcroix, 417.

I'.rcole, 56.

Louvre.

Metropolitan Museum of Art, New

York.

Louvre.

Metropolitan Mus. of Art.

Wallace Collection, London.

Dresden, Gemiildegalerie.

Wallace Collection.

There arc outstanding collections of

Watteau's drawings in the Louvre and

in the Picrpont Morgan Library, New

York.

Goncourt, E. and J. de, French tttb-

Cenmry Painters, 1.

8l2

THE AGE OF VOLTAIRE

75 Aldington, R , French Comedies of the
iSth Century, 103

76. Sainte-Bcmc, Portraits of the 18th Cen-
tury, I, 81.

77. Ibid., 82.

78. Lcsagc, Adventures of Gil Bias, pre fa-
tory memoir.

79 Aldington, 131.

80 Lcsagc, Gil Bias, Book VIII, Ch. x.

81 Gil Bias, last line.

8z Sainte-Bcuve, Portraits, I, 104.

83. Saint-Simon, III, 41, cf. 01-04

84. Crequi, .Marquise dc. Souvenir,!, 44.

85. Michelct, V, wrt.

86. Faguet, Emile, Literary History of
France, 474.

87. Saint-Simon, III, 376.

88. Duclos, Secret Memoirs, 3x6.

89. Michelet, V, 155; Martin, H., XV, 80.

90. Ibid., 1 1 j.

91. Saint-Simon, III, 373.

92. Ibid., yj6.

«■ 77

94. In Torrey, N., The Spirit of Voltaire,
21.

95. Parton, 1, 99.

96. Desnoiresterrcs, 1, 217.

97. Parton, 1, 98.

98. Brandes, 1, 97.
99 /Wrf.,98.

100. 99.

101. Parton, 1, 115.

102. Like Desnoiresterrcs, I, 159, and Bran-
des, I, 100

103. Crequi, 149.

104. Desnoiresterrcs, I, 157.

105. Beard, Miriam, History of the Business
Man, 463 , Brandes, I, 306.

106. Desnoiresterres, 1, 190,

107. Parton, 1, 154.

108. Desnoiresterres, I, 241; Faguet, Literary
History, 469, gives a different version:
"Gare que cet icrit in extremis rCaille
pas a son addressed

109. Parton, I, i6f.

110. Voltaire, Works, XXIa, 221.

111. Frederick the Great, Mhnoires, I, 59.

112. Desnoiresterres, I, 345.

113. Brandes, I, 152.

1 14. Ibid ; Parton, I, 185.

115. Parton, I, 190.

CHAPTER II

1 . Shakespeare, Richard II, II, i.

2. Defoe, Tour through England and
Wales, 1, 1 and passim.

3 Voltaire, Lettres philosophiques, No. 9,
Ashton, T., Economic History of Eng-
land: The ittb Century, 36.

4. QucnneU, M. and C, History of Every-

day Things in England, 21, Mantoux,
P., Industrial Revolution in the iftb
Century, 165.

5. Quennel), Everyday Things, 12

6 Trevelyan, G. M., Englnh Social His-
tory, 179

7. Bcsant, Sir Walter, London in the iSth
Century, 386.

8 Lipson, E., Growth of English Society,
212.

9. Nussbaum, Economic Institutions of
Modem Europe, 252.

10. Jaurcs, Histoire socialists d- la Revolu-
tion franc aise, 1, 67.

11. Usher, A., History of Mecbanicat In-
ventions, 280.

1 2 . Lipson, 1 96.

13. Ashton, Economic History, 220.

14. Encyclopaedia Britarmica. VI, 544a

15. Mantoux, 73.

16. Ashton, 201-4.

17. In Tawney, R. H., Religion and the
Rise of Capitalism, 100.

18. Ashton, 212; Mantoux, 72.

19. Ashton, 203.

20. Webb, S and B., History of Trade
Unionism, 31-50.

21. Mantoux, 119.

22. Chesterfield, Earl of, Letters to His
Son, letter of Sept. 22, 1749.

23. Mantoux, 102; Taine, H., Ancient Re-
gime, 33.

24. Beard, M., Business Man, 430.

25. Voltaire, Lettres sur les Anglais, No.
10. in Mantoux, 1 38.

16. Hume, David, Enquiry concerning the
Principles of Morals, 248.

27. In Beard, M., 435.

28. Lecky, W E., History of England, I,

3*3-

29. Mackay, C, Extraordinary Popular De-
lusions, 50.

30. Ibid., J5

j 1, Quenncll, P., Caroline of England, 71.

32. Comb, Mod. History, VI, 181.

33. Mackay, 73.

34. Ibid., 78.

35. Voltaire. Works, XIHa, 23.

36. Ranke, L., Hit- try of the Reformation
in Germany, 468.

37. Rogers, J. E. T., Economic Interpreta-
tion of History, 157, Ashton, 2, Ogg,
David, Europe in the fitb Century, 2.

38. Defoe, Tour, 1, 337.

39. Besant, London in the 18th Century,

J5»-

40. Trevelyan, English Social History, 142

41. Leckv, History of England, I, 482-84.

42. Ibid.

43. Letter of Mar. 23, 1752.

44. Besant, 380-81.

NOTES

8l 3

45. W. R. Brock in New Ctmtb, Mod. Hit-
tory, VI], 266

46. Besant, 138.

47. Lecky, II, 543-45-

48. James, B B., Women of England, 135

49. Besant, 138.

50 Marlcun, L , Mrs Grundy, 183.
51. Fay, B., La Franc-Maconnerie ei la re
volution intellectuelle du xvtif siicle, 78

79
52 Besant, 384.

53. Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws
of England, 15 m.

54. Congreve, Wm , Way of the World
III, ni, in Hampden, J., Eighteenth-Cen
tury Plays.

55. Gay, John, Beggar's Opera, I, v, in
Hampden.

56. Halsband, R„ Lady Mary Worthy
Montagu, 14.

57. Langdon-Davies, J„ Short History of
Women, 305.

58. Besant, 459; Lecky, I, 522; Quennell, P.,
Caroline of England, 29.

59. George, M. Dorothy, London in the
tSth Century, 29.

60. Lecky, 1, 477.

6r. Ibid., 479; Besant, 297 f.
62 Berkeley, George, Shis, in Jefferson,
D. W, Eighteenth-Century Prose, 122

63. Besant, 301-2.

64. Turberville, Johnson's England, I, 48.
6$. Boswell, Journal of a Tour to the Heb-
rides, 84 (Aug. 31, 1773).

66. Ene, Brit., XX, 779*!.

67. Comb. Mod. History, VI, 187.

68. Ashton, 61-63.

69. Hobhouse, L. T, Mortis in Evolution,

I 1 *'

70. Besant, 342.

•jt. Lecky, 1, 183.

72. Ibid., 367; Barnes, H. E, Economic
History of the Western World, 156.

73. Westermarck, £. A., Origin and De-
velopment of the Moral Ideas, II, 558.

74. Turberville, 1, 72.

75. Some instances in Thackeray, The Four
Georges, 41-43.

76. Turberville, 1,312.

77. Fielding, H, Amelia, Book I, Ch. ii.

78. Turberville, 1, 310.

79. Quennell, M. and C, Everyday Things,

9-

80. Lecky, L 507.

81. Turberville, I, 322.

82. /Wd, 319; Lecky, 1, 501-2.

83. Smith, Preserved, History of Modern
Culture, IL 586.

84. Johnson, SL, The RjunUer, 183.

85. Pope, A., Imitations of Horace, Episde

n.

86. James, B. B, Women of England, 318.

87. Turberville, 1, 341.

88. Thackeray, Four Georges, 41.

89. Allen, B. S., Tides in English Taste, I,
149.

90 Lecky, I, 551.
91. Ibid ,'553-54.

92 Walpole, H„ Letters, I, 309 (June 29,
1744).

91 Weinsrock, H., Handel, 228

94 Allen, B. S, Tides, I, 94; Chesterfield,
Letters, Oct. 19, 1748.

95. Clergue, H„ The Salon, 4.

96. Chesterfield, Letters, June 11, ^50.

97. Sainte-Beuve, English Portraits, 25.

98. Wharton, G. and P., Win and Beaux of
Society, I, 349.

99. Sainte-Beuve, English Portraits, 29.
100 Chesterfield, letter of July 8, 1739

101, Letter of June, 1752, in Letters to His

Son, II, 96.
io>. Letter of Apr. 19, 1749.
103 Apr. 13, 1752.

104. Nov. 6, 1747.

105. May 16, 1751.

106. May 23, 1751.

107. Sept. 5, 1748.

108. Apr. 15, 1751.

109. In Sainte-Beuve, English Portraitt, 41.

110. Dec. 25, 1753.

111. May 17, 1748.

112. Nov. 11, 1752.

113. Oct 9, 1747.

114. Feb. 22, 1748.

115. Oct. 19, 1748.

1 16. Jan. 8, 1750.

117. Apr. 13, 1752.

1 18. Dec. 25, 1753.

1 19. Stephen, Leslie, English Literature and
Society m the iSth Century, 150.

120. Krutch,!. W, Samuel Johnson, 354.

121. Chesterfield, July 25, 1741.

122. Feb. 24, 1747.

123. Krutch, 354.

124. Parton, II, 551.

125. Sainte-Beuve, English Portraits, 43.

126. Nicolson, H., Age of Reason, 201.

127. In Sainte-Beuve, English Portraits, 34.

128. Dec. 2, 1746,
129 Oct. 17, 1768.

130. Letters, II, 334.

131. Oct. 11, 1769.

132. Sainte-Beuve, English Portraits, 44.

133. Ibid., 45.

CHAPTER in

1. Acton, Lord, Lectures on Modern His-
tory, 166.

2. QuenndL P., Caroline, ax.
]. Halsband, Lady Mary, 45.

8. 4

THS AGE OF VOLTAIRE

4. Voltaire, Works, XXIb, 70-71; cf. LaaU,
H, Political Thought in England, Locke
to Benthom, 16.
j. Hauser, Social History of Art, IL 161,
4. New Cambridge Modem History, VII,
261.

7. Voltaire, XlXb, 19,

8. Chidsey, D. B., Marlborough, 191.

9. Rowse, A. L, The Early Cburcbilb,

10. Martin, H, XV, 76.

11. Lang, A n History of Scotland, IV, 116-

*7-

12. Collins, J. C, Bolmgbroke, and Voltaire
in England, 1 171 '

i). Churchill, W. S, History of the Eng-
•jhb-Speakmgf copies, HL 91 .

14. Schoenfeld, Hi Women of the Teu-
tonic Nations, 175.

15. Quennell, Caroline, 9); Martin, H.,

16. Traill, H. D., Social England, V, 139.

17. Walpole, H., Reminiscences, in Letters,
introd., cxxx.

18. Walpole, H, Memohes of ... the Reign
of George It, 1, 63.

19. Thackeray, Four Qeorges, 33.

ao. Wharton, G. and P., Wits and Beaux of

Society, 1, 176.
11. Lecky, History of England, 1, 465.
xi. Mossner, Bishop Butler and the Age of

Reason, 4; Quennell, Caroline, 134.

13. Comb. Mod. History, VL77.

24. Voltaire, XlXb, 13.

25. Lecky, 1, 520.

26. Quennell, Caroline, 252.

17. Lecky, I, jx6\ Comb. Mod. History,
VI, 181.

28. Macaulay, T., Essays, 1, 346.

29. Walpole, Memohes of tbt Reign of
George II, II, 273.

30. Mossner, Bishop Butler, j.

31. Beard, M, History of the Bushiest Man,

32. Macaulay, Essays, L 348; Lecky, I, 367-
72; Kovcn, A. de, Horace Walpole and
Mme. du Deffand, 13.

33. Lord Hervey in Jefferson, D. W.,
Eighteenth-Century Prose, 28.

34. Tucker in Lecky, I, 334.

35. Frederick the Great, Memohes, I, 29.

36. Chesterfield, letter of Dec. 12, 1749.

37. In Lovejoy, Essays, 177.

38. Collins, J. C. Bolingbroke, 166.

39. Comb. History of English Literature,
IX, »J4.

40. Bolingbroke, On the Spirit of Patriot-
ism, 18.

41. Collins, J. C, 172.

42. Bolingbroke, 128.

4). Heamshaw, F. J, Social and Political

45-
46.

47-

48.

49.

50.

J»-

J»-

53-

5

55-

5<t.

57-
jB.

59.

60.
<Si.
62.

63.
64.
6s.
66.
6>.

68.
69.

70.
7«-
7*.
71-
74-
75-
7 <S.

77-
78.

79-
80.
8c.
81.

Ideas of Some English Thinkers of the
Augustan Age, 213.

Acton, Lectures, 273.

See Camb. Mod. History, VL 64 f.\

Wingfield-Stratford, History of British

Civilization, 681 ; Churchill, IIL'tott *

Lesley, I, 385^; Burke, Letters on a

Regicide Peace, in Reflections on the

French Revolution.

Altamira, R., History of Spain, 435.

Ene. Beit, XX, 779c.

In Lecky, 1, 394.

Ibid- 291.

Ibid.

239.

Mantoux, Industrial Revolution, 87.

Swift, Jonathan, Short View of the

State of Ireland, in Lecky, II, 208.

Lecky, II, 424.

Camb. Mod. History, VL 485.

D' Alton, E. A., History of Ireland, IV,

S3«.

Lecky, II, (99,

D' Alton, IV, 472-73.

Lecky, II, 217.

Ibid.

Mossner, Life of Hume, 134.

Lecky, II, 83.

Trevelyan, English Social History, 444.

Robertson, J. M, Short History of

Freethougbt, II, 168.

Traill, Social England, V, 159.

Lang, A, History of Scotland, TV, 425-

/fii,-

/Am, 449.

4J«-

Voltaire, Age of Louis XV, U, 14.

Lang, A., IV, 512.

Camb. Mod. History, VI, 1 17.

Lang, A, IV, 519-

Enc. Brit., IV., 29»d.

Voltaire, Age of Louis XV, II, 44.

Frederick, Memohes, I, 191

Wingfield-Stratford, 682.

Lecky, II, 479-8°

Ibid., 476.

Churchill, III, 112

CHAPTER IV

1. Pensees diverse;, in Lecky, II, J3in.

i, Davidson, John, introd. to Montes-

Jiuieu's Persian Letters, xxi.
,. bid.

4. Hervey. Meniohs of the Court of
George II, in introd. to Mandeville's
Fable of the Bees, x.
j. Besant, London, 152.
<S. Camb. Mod. History, VI, 79.

MOTES

8l 5

ft.

9>

10.

it.
11.
>J«

14.

»5-
itf.

'T-

19.
20.

XI.
22.

»4-

26.
'T-
*9-

jo.
3«-
J*-
IS-
M-
,6.

J7-
,8.

J9-
40.

4'-
4»-
4J-
44-
45-
46.
47-

Stephen, L, History of
Thought m the ittb Century, 1, 117.
Thackeray, Four Qeorges, 54.
Lecky, 1X468.

Hume, D„ c«y "Of National Ome.
ear."

Besant^ijj.
Leeky, !• *75"7*. J0J-4-
Treveryan, G. M, England tauter the
Stuarts, 342.

Robertson, J. M, History of Free-
thought, it 161 ; Lecky, L 313.
Voltaire, XDCb, 118.
Voltaire, Via, 188.

Wookton, Discourses, I, 34, in Stephen,
History of English Thought, I, 111.
Bury, I. B, History of Freedom of
Thought, 141; Voltaire, Philosophical
Dictionary, article "Miracles," in
Wort/, Via, 188-93; Robertson, J. M.,
Freetbougbt, U, 157-59; Stephen, Hfr-
tory of English Thought, L 228-38.
Benn, A. W, History of English Ro-
ttonalim in the 19th Century, 1, 145.
Tindal, M, Christianity as Old as the
Creation, 14, in Stephen, History, L 130.
Stephen, L t6i\ Robertson, II, 158.
In Stephen, L 266.
Collins, J. C, Bolmgbroke, 183.
Stephen, 1, 178.

Torrey, N. L, Voltaire and the Eng-
lish Deists, 140.

In Heamshaw, English Thinkers of the
Augustan Age, 140.
Stephen, History, 1, 180.
Collins, J. G, 1B0.

Goldsmith, O, Ufa of Bolmgbroke, in
Clark, B. H, Greet Short Biographies,
1057.

In Stephen, L 246.
JMi, 345.
349-5»-

&w.Brfr,IV, 463b.

Mossier, Bishop Butler and the Age of

Reason, 8.

Toynbee, Arnold J., Study of History,

abridgment of Vols. I-VI by D. C

Somervell, 486.

Gibbon, Edward, Memoirs, ai.

Turberville, Johnson's England, 1, 33.

Inge, Christian Mysticism, 183.

Comb. Mod. History, VL 81.

Gibbon, Memoirs, 22.

Beanie, Court Fainter, 198.

Voltaire, essay "Epic Poetry."

Bessnt, 149.

McConnell, F. J, John Wesley, 13.

Wesley, John, Journal, 94.

Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics,

XIL724C1.

4*-

49-
5«-
S«-

5*-
51-
54-
SS-
5«-

J7-
58.

59-
60.
«i.

62.
63.

64.

<5-
66.
67.

68.
«9-

70.
7«-
7»-

71-
74-
75-
7*
77-

78.

79«
80.
81.

82.
«J-
«4.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.

90-
91.
91.
91-
94-
95-
*■
97<

Wesley, Journal, 41; Hastings, XII,

Sue. Brfr, XXH1, 570.

Lecky, IE, 565.

Ibid.

563.

591-94; Lecky, History of European

Rationalism, C 45.

Turberville, Johnson's England, L an.

Wesley, Journal for 1739, in Lecky,

History of England, U, 584.

/Mi, 583.

fOOb

636; Toynbee, StwJy «f History, DC,

459-ce.

McConneD, 48.

/Mi, «.

Wesley, Journal, entry for Mar. 301,

IPtfr/i Christian Handbook, 5.

Journal for Jan. t, 1790.

Shaftesbury, 3d Earl of. Characteristics,

1,260.

Mandeville, FaWe of tie Bees, 83-85.

Hutcheson, F, Inquiry concerning

Moral Qood and Evil, in Enc. Brfr, XL

Buckle, II, 334.
Wi, 336.

Hume, D„ Dialogues concerning Nat-
ural Religion, 4.
Huxley, T. H, JFfawM, 3.
lMa\6.

Mossner, Life of Hume, 51.
Huxley, 6.

"My Own Life," in Hume, Dialogues
concerning Natural Religion, 233.
Mossner, 81.

/Mi, 9+
111.

Hume, Treatise of Human Nature,

Book t Part n. Sec. 5.

/MA, L n, 1.

I, in, 10 and 7.

L iv, 2 and 6.

Liv, 1.

/Ml.

Appendix.

I, w, 1.

I, iv, 7.

Lnr, 1.

Liv, i.

n,nt,3.

/Mi.

Hi, 10.

II.t,7.

n.i.8.

n.n,ii.

8i6

THE AGE OF VOLTAIRE

98.

99'
■oo,

101.
IOI.
IOJ.

104.

IOJ.

106.
107.
108.

109.

no.
1 11.
in.

113.
■ 14.
nj.
116
117.
118.
119.
110.
in.
111.
11 j.
114.

115.
116.

117.

118.
119.

130.

'3«

'3»

•33
'34
>sS-
.36

'37-
138.
139.
140.
141.
141.

'43
144.

"My Own Life," in Hume, Dialogues
concerning Natural Religion, p. 134.
Mossner, p. 119.
Treatise, III, 1, Sec. 1.
Ill, 11, z.

Ill 6.

Mossner.p. 113.
lbid~, 11 5- 1 8.

Hume, Enquiry concerning the Human
Understanding, p. 2.
Ibid., Part X, Sees. 91-95 and 100-101.
XI, 101.

Enquiry concerning the Principles of
Morals, V, 1, Sees. 174-75, Appendix II;
cf. essay "Of the Dignity and Mean-
ness of Human Nature."
Enquiry concerning . . . Morals, IX, 1,
Sec. 116.

Ibid., IV, Sec. i<J6.
"My Own Life," he. ch., p. 136.
Dialogues concerning Natural Religion,
156.

Ibid,, 148.
181-83.

Essay "On Suicide."
Dialogues, 110.
Ibid,, 104.
111.
169.
180.
171.
117.
114.

Hume, Natural History of Religion,
Sees. I, XIH-XV, in Cassircr, E., Philos-
ophy of the Enlightenment, p. 181.
Dialogues, introd., xv.
Burton, Life of Hmtie, II, in Lecky,
History of England, II, 543.
Enquiry concerning . . . Morals, III, 11,
Sec. 155.

Hume, Hhttnr) of England, IV, p. 480.
Hume, Essays Literary, Moral, and Po-
litical, 17, 17}
Ibid., 161.

Essay "Of National Character."
Enquiry concerning the Human Under-
standing, Pin VII, Sec. 6$.
Essa\ "Of Commerce."
t.ssa> "Of Ciwl Liberty."
Essay "Jealousj of Trade."
In Black, Art of History, p Ho.
Mossncr, 317.

Essav "Of the Stud) of Hittors
"My Own Life," loc. cit , 136
In Black, 1 14.
Mossnor, 318.

".My Ow n Life." loc . 1 it., iifi
Ibil, 137
.Mossner, 123.

145. Ibid., 318.

'4«- 444-45-

147. "My Own Life," loc. eft, 138.

148. Ibid., 139.

149. Enquiry concerning the Human Under-
standing, Part XI, Sec. 108.

150. Mossner, 568.

151. Adam Smith, letter to Wm. Strahan,
Nov. 9, 1776, in Hume, Dialogues,
p. 247.

152. Treatise of Human Nature, Book I,
Part iv, Sec. 5.

153. Wolf, History of Science, 757.
154 Mossner, 478.

155. Hume, Dialogues, introd., xxx.

156. Mossner, 588.

'57 "My Own Life," loc. cit., 139.

158. Strachey, L., Portraits in Miniature, 1 ji.

159 "My Own Life," loc . cit., 144.

160. Ibid., 245.

id 1. Mossner, 598-600.

162 Ibid., 603.

CHAPTER V

1 . Saintc-Bcuve, Portraits of the tStb Cen-
tury, 1, 131.

2. Buckle, I, 311.

3. Johnson, Lives of the Poets, II, 143.

4. Pope, "Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot," lines
1 27-28.

5 Essay on Criticism, lines 1 14-15.

6. Ibid., line 198.

7. Lines 631-41.

8. 585-87.

9 Stephen, L., Alexander Pope, 45.
io Rape of the Lock, Canto u, lines 105-9
11 Ibid., 111, 16.
it. v, 85-86.

13. See "Windsor Forest," lines 41-41.

14, Pope, "Eloi'sa to Abelard," lines 281-91.
if. Ibid., lines 325-28.

16. Stephen, Pope, p, 61.

17. Ibid., 64.

iK. Johnson, Lives, II, 161.

19. Stephen, Pope, 64.

jc» Ibid., 78.

21 Pope, "Second Fpisrle of the Second

Book of Horace, lines 68 69, in Col

lei ted Poums, p. 305.
j j Ihornton, J. C, Table Talk from Ben

fonum to Leigh Hunt, 1 1 2
: j E.g., see Jefferson, Eighteenth-Century

Prose, 25.
14. Parton, 1, 114.
if . Stephen, Pope, 91.
j6. Boston Museum of Fine Arts
27. London, National Portrait Gallery

18. Stephen, Pope, 100.

NOTES

8l 7

19. See "Farewell to London," in Poems,
368, and Strachey, Portraits, 14.

jo. Garnett and Gosse, English literature,
HI, 299.

ji. Pope, Dtmeiad, Book IL lines 75-70,
102-8, 155-50.

32. Ibid., Book IV, lines 471-81.

J3. Robertson, J. M, in Shaftesbury, Char-
acteristics, introd., p. xxv.

34. Collins, Bolmgbroke, 158.

35. Stephen, Pope, 166.

36. £«vy or Afan, Episde I, lines 1-16.

37. Milton, Paradise Lost, 1, line 26.

38. Essay on Man, I, 81-84.

39. 1, 91-96.

40. End of Epistle I.

41. Essay on Man, II, 1-17.

42. /Wa\, 117-20.

43. Ill, 303-0.

44. IV, 35-36.

45. 40-50.

46. Taine, H H History of English Litera-
ture, Book III, Ch. vii, Sec. 4.

47. Voltaire, Lettres sur les Anglais, in
Works, XlXb, p. 94.

48. Johnson, Lives, II, 193.

49. "Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot," lines 305-29.

50. Satires, epilogue, lines 108-9.

51. Dunciad, IV, 619-55.

51. Johnson, Lives, II, p. 199.

53. Thackeray, English Humourists, 113,

54. Walt Whitman, in Traubel, H, With
Walt Whitman in Camden, 116.

55. Lecky, History of England, 1, 463.

56. Brandts, Voltaire, 1, 16.

57. Woods, Watt, and Anderson, Litera-
ture of England, II, 51.

58. Garnett and Gosse, III, 187; questioned
by Comb. History of English Literature,
X, 147.

59. Arnold, M„ Essays in Criticism, 317.

60. Johnson, Lives, IL 391, 388.

61. Allen, R. J., Life in itth-Century Eng-
land, 16.

61. Brandes, Voltaire, I, 31.

63. Lecky, History of England, I, 541.

64. Mossner, Hume, 357.
65 Ibid., 360.

66. 379.

67. 364.

68. Pope, "Epitaph on Gay."

69. Gay, John, Beggar's Opera, I, v.

70. Ibid., I, viii.

71. Ill, xi.

71. Comb History of English Literature,
X,3.

73. Richardson, S., Pamela, 1.

74. Ibid., 179.

75. Richardson, Clarissa, 429-31.

76. Ibid , introd., viii.

77'
78.

79-

81

82,

83

84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
9s.
93-
94-
95-
96.

97-
98.

99-
100.
101.
101.

103.
104.
105.
106.

107.
108.
109.
110.
111.

I I!.
113.

Il 4 .
115.
Il6.
M7.

11H.

ny.
120.

121.
112.
■ 23.
II4.

, Ibid^ix.

, Montagu, Lady Mary W, Letters, II,
132 (Mar. 1, 1752).

Rousseau, J. J., letter to Duclos, Nov.
19, 1760.

Francke, K, History of German Litera-
ture, ltd.

Texte, J., /. /. Rousseau and the Cos-
mopolitan Spirit, 148 f.
Fielding, H., introd. to Amelia, xxiii;
Thackeray, English Httmourists, i6jn.
Fielding, Joseph Andrews, Book I,
Ch.x

Saintsbury, G., introd. to Pamela.
Joseph Andrews, II, xiv.
Fielding, Jonathan Wild, preface.
Jonathan Wild, I, i.
Ibid., I, v.
I, iii.

III, vii.

IV, xv.

Thackeray, English Humourists, i66n.
Fielding, Tom Jones, III, v.
/«i, in, x.
XVIII, xii.

Besant, London, 501 f.j Lecky, History
of England, I, 487.
Amelia, IV, ii.
Ibid., I, ii.
XI, ix.
VI, ii.

Thackeray, 263

Smollett, T , Roderick Random, Ch. xi.
pp. 56-58.
Ibid., xx, 114.
xvii, 95.
xxxix, 113.

Smollett, Adventures of Peregrine
Pickle, Ch. ii.
Ibid., vi.

Thackeray, i54n.
Ibid., 255n.
»54«i.

Smollett, Traiels through France and
Italy, xx vii.
Thackeray, 256.

Smollett, Humpfoey Clinker, 16 (letter
of Apr 18).

Ibid., 142 (letter of June 8).
118-20 (letter of July 4).
125-37 (letter of Julv 13).
Montagu, Ladv M W„ Letters, 1, 173.
Halsband, Lady Mary Wortley Mon-
tagu, 11.

Montagu, Letters, I, 174 (Apr. 25, 1710)
Ibid., 178.
181.

Letter of Aug. 16, 1711, HaUbind, 25.
Pope, Collected Poems, 370.
Halsband, 58.

8i8

THE AGE OF VOLTAIRE

115. Pope, letter of Aug. 18, 1716, in Mon-
tagu, 1, 405-7.
■26. Montagu, 1, 2)7 (Sept. 14, 1714).

117. Brockway and Winer, Second Treasury
of the World's Great Letters, 170.

118. Halsband, 63-

119. Montagu, 1, 431, 434.

130. Collection of the Marquess of Bute.

131. Pope, Poems, 371.
131. Husband, 113.

133. Ibid., 130.

134. 141.

1 3 j. Comb. History of English Literature,
IX, 177.

136. Translated from Halsband, 156.

137. Ibid., 1J7.

138. Walpole, H., Letters, I, 57-61 (Sept. t$
and Oct. 1, 1740).

139. Halsband, 104, 118

140. lbid n 218.

141. 189.

CHAPTER VI

1. Turberville, Johnson's England, II, 75.

2. Allen, B. S., Tides in English Taste, I,

3. Lecky, History of England, 1, 530.

4. Tate Gallery, London.

5. Staatsbibliothek, Hamburg.

6. Traill, Social England, V, 171.

7. Wilenski, R, English Painting, 101.

8. Thackeray, English Humourists, i+yn.

9. Beckett, R. B., Hogarth, 11.

10. Vienna.

11. Collection of Sir Francis Cook.
11. Frick Gallery, New York.

13. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New
York.

14. Tate Gallery.
ij. Ibid.

16. National Gallery, London.

17. Tate Gallery.

18. Thackeray, 147.

19. Qucnnell, P., Hogarth's Progress, ji.

10. Tate Gallery.

xi. Thackeray, 14 jn.; Wilenski, 60.

11. Wilcnsky, 79 f .; Dobson, Hogarth, 13.

23. Wilenski, 72.

24. Beckett, 13,

2 j. Art Gallery, Birmingham, England.

26. St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London.

27. Collection of Earl of Faversham.

28. Wilenski, 63; Beckett, 18, questions this
story.

29. Wilenski, 85.

30. Dobson, 1 i.
}t. Wilenski, 71.
3a. Tate Gallery.

33. Waensld,&8.

34. Craven, Thos., Treasury of Art Master-
pieces, 110; Quennell, P n Hogarth, 7.

35. Wingfield-Stratford, History of British
CMlaation, 777.

36. Dobson, 31.

37. Grove's Dictionary of Music and Mu-
sician, II, 406.

38. Weinstock, Handel, 55.

39. Brockway and Weinstock, Men of
Music, 60; Turberville, Johnson's Eng-
land, IT, 160.

40. This section is especially indebted to
Herbert Weinstock's Handel.

41. Grove's Dictionary, II, 504.

42. Weinstock, 32; Brockway and Wein-
stock, 57.

43. Oxford History of- Music, IV, 80;
Weinstock, 38.

44. Mainwaring, John, Life of Handel, in
Deutsch, Otto, Handel, 17.

45. Burney, C, General History of Music,
II, 662.

46. Weinstock, 00.

47. Ibid., 91.

48. 97.

49. Oxford History of Music, IV, 209.

50. Burney, 11,72 m.

51. Ibid.

52. Weinstock, 115.
J3. Ibid., 172.

J4 McKinney and Anderson, Music in His-
tory, 438.

55. Weinstock, 207.

56. Bumey, II, 817.

57. Weinstock, 212.

58. Ling, P. H., Music in Western Civiliza-
tion, 521.

59. Brockway and Weinstock, Men of
Music, 76.

60. Oxford History of Music, IV, 84,
Weinstock, 2251 Brockway and Wein-
stock, 76.

61. Weinstock, 232.

62. Ibid., 239.

63. 241.

64. Rolland, R., Musical Tour through the
Land of the Past, 58.

6$. Oxford History of Music, IV, 198.

66. Weinstock, 77.

67. Brockway and Weinstock, 81.

68. Rolland, 49.

69. Davison, A., Bach and Handel, 46.

70. Ibid., 44.

71. Rolland, 67.

72. Weinstock, 303.

73. /AM, 30J.

74. Davison, A., 41.

75. Oxford History of Music, IV, B5-89, 93

76. Burney, IL 1023.

NOTES 819

77. Letter to Thieriot in Soachey, Books
and Characters, m.

78. E*, Works, XXIa, xii.

79. Works, JOXb, 91.

80. Goldsmith, O, Life of Voltaire, in Mis-
cellaneous Works, 504.

81. Letter of July 19, 1776, in Desnoires-
terres, VIII, 108; article "Dramatic
Art" quoted in Holzknecht, Back-
grounds of Shakespeare, 3B7.

82. Collins, J. C, Bolmgbroke, and Voltaire
in England, lot, Brandes, Voltaire, I,

8 j. Johnson, Lives of the Poets, u, 7.
84. Works, XlXb, 200.
8;. In Buckle, 1, 51a.

86. Philosophical Dictionary, article "Gov-
ernment."

87. Gay, Voltaire's Politics, 44.

88. Partem, II, 513.

80. Voltaire, Correspondance, ed. Bester-

man, EL, 3 1.
00. Johnson, Lives, IL 176; Collins, J. C,

210.

91. Collins, 230.

92. Brunetiere, Manual of the History of
French Literature, 319.