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CHAPTER XIV

I. Poster, I, 117; Creighton, I,
566-6.

?. Iu Pastor, I, 124.

3. Coulron, Medieval Panorama,
ASH.

4. Pastor. VII, 330; Creighton. I,
1(51.

0. 1 1 -a. '■l.C, History of Auricular
Co-.fi-Sitim, III, 65.

6, Crei^litoa, J, 147.

7. Ibid., J 68

5. Qie.ke, Political Tbeoriss of the
Middle Age, 52, 69; Hearnshaw
Midi A' v a.1 Co .tribniions to Civi-
tizat'on, 67.

9. Efinerlou, R , Dcjensor Parts of

Marsiglio of Padui, 70-2.
10 Postor, I, 184.

II. Niem in Milman, Vli, 235n

12. Creighton, I, 273.

13. Milman, VII, 460.

14. Figgis, J. N.. From Qerson to
Orottas, 41.

15. In Ogg. F. A., Source Book of
Midieval History, 391.

16. Crelghton, I, 2Q7.

17. Cambridge Medieval Bistory,
VIII 8a.

18. Crighton, IV, 8.

19. In Pastor, I, 240.

20. Creighton, II, 272; Pastor I, 284.

21. Creighton. IV, 44.

22. Ogg, 393-7.
2^. Pastor, II, 215.

21. Cambridge Medieval History, IV,

62 of; Pastor, II, 258.
25. Crtigltton, IV, 71.

CHAPTER XV

1. Gibbon, Decline and Fall, VI,
55S.

2. Liciciani, Golden Day\ of tke

Renaissance, 78-60
3 Burddiaidt 105.
4. Rnscoc, Leo K, I, 435.
[>. Cf. Pfstor VII, 104.
6. Pislor, I, 16".
7 Paslor, II, 180; Hare, Walks in

Rome, '67
8. In Creighton, Illn.
9 Pastor, II, 14;Symonds, Rtvivol,

222 5

10. Ibid , 226.

11. Pastor, II, 193.

12. Pastor, II, 200,

13. Burrkardt, 188.

14. Pastor, II, 198.

15. Sismondi, 613.

16. Vasari, II, 31 , Bernardino Rosse-
lllno.

17. Lea, Auricular Confession III,
202.

-YM -

18. Pastor, III, 109.

19. Creighton, II, 806f.

20. Pastor, II, 27- 2f.

21. Ibid., 313.

21 a. La Tour, P. imbart, de, Lis
origines de la Heforme, 11, 7, 14.
33. Crdgbton II, 245.

23. Ibid., 246.

24. Ibid., 247.

25. Platina in vitas summornm
pontificiun in Whitcomb. Source
Book, 69.

26. Creigpton, 483.

27. Ibid.

SB. burckbardr, 305.

29. Creighton. II. 483.

30. Sellery. 289.

31. Pfatida in Whitcomb. 65,

32. Creighton. II, 488.

33. Platina, I. c.

34. Ibid., 99,

35. Vaiiliev, History of the Byzantine
Empire, II, 442.

36. Pastor, III, 324.

37. Ibid., 236.

38. Creighton, IV. 209.

39. Thompon. J. W., 207.

40. Pastor. JV. 41-5; Villaii, Machi-
velli, I, 106 7 ; Burckhardt, 280,
505.

41. Ferrara, O , The Borgia Pope 95.

42. Pastor IV, 238-44; Creightoi?, III.

43. Ibid., 75.

44. Symondr, DespQts 388.

45. Ibid., 39Sn.

46. Cf. Crtigliton, III, 115, 285;
Pastor, IV, 416.

47. Soriano in Symonds, Despots
394p; Pastor, IV, 428.

48. Symonds, Despots, 394,

49. Pastor. V, P36-8.

50. Vcsucci in Cambridge Modern
History, I, 222.

51. Creighton III, 120.

62. Ibid, 1 54-6,- Pastor, V, 351.

53, Ibid., 352-4; Cre-ghton. IV. 318.

54. Creighton, 111, 12b.
65. Ibid.

65. Burckhardt 108; Pastor, V, 354.

57. Pastor, V, 317 ; Creighton, III,
176.

67a- La Tour, II, 13.

58. Pastor, V, 361-2.

59. Creighton, IV, 297-8.

60. erighton, HI. 126.

61. Ibid., 135.

62. In Taine, Italy • Rome and'
Maples, 171.

63. Creighton, III, 153 ; Cambridge'
Modern Bistory, I, 225.

CHAPTER XVI

1. Ferrara, Borgia Pope, 56-62;

Pastor, 11, 541-2.

2. Creighton, III, 162

3. Pastor. II, 455.

4. Beuf, Cesare Borgia, 19, Orego-
rovius, Lucrezia, 10.

5. Ibid, 18, 20.

6. Roscoe, Leo X, I, 24.

7. Oregorovius, Lucrezea, 357.

8. Id , IV, 324.

9. Cambridge Modern History, I,
226; Ferra, 66; Heighten, III,
169.

10. Ferrara. 51 ; Pastor, V., 366 ;
Oregorgvius, 17

11. Creighton, 111, 160n.

12. Cambridge Modern Bistory, I,
226.

13. Paitor, V, 385.

14. Sacerdote, O., Cesare Borgia, 94.

15. In Creighton, 111, 47.

16. Cambridge Modern Bistory, I,
234.

- YAY -

17. Vasari, II, 116, Pinturicchio.

44.

18 Ferrara, 310

45.

18a. La Tour, 11,39.

46.

19. Pastor, V, 396; Burckharpt, 109.

47.

20. Portigliotti, 28f.

48.

21. Guicciardini, I, 19-20.

49.

22. Creightou, III, 168.

50.

23. Ibid., 194-5, quoting the letters

51.

as given in Burckhard'sD/omi/n,

5?.

24. Ceiighton, III, 196 ; Pastor, V,

429; Cambridge Modern History,

I, 229

24a. Guicciardini, I, 309.

25. Cerifrhton, III, 206; Combridge

Modern History , I, 231.

26. Ibip , 230

27. Pastor, V, 381.

53.

28, Ferrara, 168.

54.

29. Roscoe, Leo X. I, 394.

SO. Guicciardini, I, 29.

55.

31. Gregorovius, 76.

56.

32. Creighton, III, 175;Gregorovius,

57.

39, 62 ; Portigliotti, 47.

58.

33. Ferrara, 164.

59.

34. Creighton, 111,176; Gregorovius,

60.

66.

61.

35. Portigliotti, 45, 48, 61.

36. Burckhard, Diariam, iii, 227, in

62.

Creighton. IV, 49n.

63.

37. Boccaccio, Ferrarese ambassador,

in Symond, Despots, 417; Portig-

64.

liotti, 66.

65.

38. Oregoroviui, 75.

66.

39, Lea, Auricular Confession, III,

67.

21 If.

68.

40. Guicciardini, III, 26 ; Pastor, VI,

69.

153-4.

70.

41. Guicciardini, III, 26; Creighton,

71.

IV, 13-4.

42. Portigliotti, 66.

43. In Villari, Mochiavelli, I, 321.

Portigliotti, 66.
Ferrara, 318.
Villari, I c.
Cf. Ferrara, ch. xxi.
Ibid., 309.

Ferrara, 246; Sacerdote, I98f.
Ibid., 221.
Ibid., 202:

Ferrara, 246; Pastor, V, 512,
and Roscoe, Leo X, I, 154 acquit
Caesar Borgia ; Oregorovius,
Lucrezia, 109 / Beuf, 76-8 ; and
Symonds, Despots, 426 accuse
him ; Creighton, III, 25P, conclu-
des that "it is impossible to
pronounce any certain opinion."
Pastor, V. sol.

Orcegorovius, 220 ; Burckhard t,
110.

Beut, 41.
Orcegorovius 67.
Beui, 97.

Cartwringht, Isabella, I, 278,
Beuf. 7; Sacerdote, 207.
Ferrara, 291.

Barckhardt 112; Creighton. IV,
3-4.

Id , III, 6n; Ferrara, 203.
Richard Garnstt in Cambridge
Modern History, I, 238.
In Beuf, 155
Ferrara, 308.
Beuf, 194.
Ibid., 223.
Crighton, IV, 27.
Ibid.

Ibid., 29; Sacerdote, 806.
Ouiccia dini.III, 137; Machiavelli,
Relation of the Mardtr oj VUell-
ezzo in Appeadix to History of
Florence, pp. 401-6.

YW-

72. Beat 293.

73. Ibid.

74. Ibid and 296.

76. CreightOB IV, 36.

76. Ibid, 40.

77. Beuf, 290 ,

78. Beuf, 252-8.

79. Beuf 131.

89. Beuf, 66, 177; Quicciardini, III,
126.

81. Portigliotti, 83.

82. Vi\\ari,Machiavellt, I, 328.

83. Burckhardr.116.

84. Pastor., VI, 158.

85. Beuf, 305-7.

86. Ferrara, 326,

87. Burckhard,1U6. Viilari, Machia-
velli, I, 823.

83. Cartwright, Isabella, I, 327.

89. Creighton IV. 30-40, Cambridge
Modern History I, 24?f Beuf,
307.

90. Symonds, Despots 426.

91. Burckhard Diarium ed. Celani,
II, 303, in Portigliotti, 54.

92. Ferrara, 337;Qregorovius,lBC«-
zla, 178.

9J. Ferrara, 337.

94. Oregorovius, 177; Ferra.Oreigh-

ton, IV, son, accepts the tale.
55. Oregorovius, 189.

96. Ferrara, 252.

97. Ibid., 251,

98. Oregorovius, 108, 330.

99. Creighton, III, 264.

100 There are different account of
Alffonso'a death ; the text foll-
ows the despatches of the
Venetian ambassador Capello
aa given In Creighton, IV, 257-
62. Pastor (VI. 77) suggests
that Alfonso was slain by his
own bodyguard.

101. Cf. Oregroviui. Lucrezia, 175.

102. Carwright, Isabella, I, 205.

103. Creighton, IV, 81J Paslor, 300;
Oregorovius, 175.

104. Ibid., 167.

105. ibid., 213.

106. Ibid., 222; Frjeplander, L.,
Roman Life and Manners, II,
176.

107. Oregorovius, 246-8.

108. Ibid., 290.

109. Cambridge Modern Bistort, I,
241; Pastor, VI. 132; Sacerdote,
683; Villar, Machiavtlli, 1, 327 ;
Lanciani, 76 ; Ferrara, 400 ;
Roscoe, Leo X, I, 469; Beuf 318.
Portigliotti, 129-37, defends the
poison theory.

110. Ldnciani, 76;

111. Portigliotti, 127.

112. Oregorovius, 289.

113. Quicciardini III, 228.

114. Machiavelli, Prince, ch. xviii,

115. Pastor, VI, 137.

116. Roscoe, Leo X, 195.

117. Creighton, IV, 44-50.

118. Cambridge Modern History, I,

119. Creighton, IV, 67.

120. Pastor, VI, 208.

121. Oregorovius, Lucrezia, 310.

122. Ibid., 31.

123. Roscoe, Leo X, 195.

CHAPTER XVII

1. Pastor, V, 369.

2. Paris de Qrassis in Roscoe, Leo
X, I, 300.

3. Pastor, I.e.

4. Viilari, MackioveUi, I, 367.

5. Pastor, VI, 215.

6. Ibid., 223.

7. Beaf, 364,

- YU

8. Macbiaveli, Discourses, 1, 87.

4.

9. Creighton, IV, 117.

5.

10. Ibid., 123.

6.

11. Ibid., 124.

7.

12. Ibid., 127.

8.

18. Ouisciardini V, 90.

14, Creighton, IV, 163n.

15. Ibid., 130n.

16. Ouicciardini, VI, 111.

17. Miintz, Raphael, 298,

18. Symonds, Michelangelo, 92-4.

19. Pastor, VI, 46Qf.

20. New York World, May 12.1928.

21. Nietzsche, Letter to Brandes, in

Huneker, Egoists, 251.

22. Vasari, ed., Blashfield and Hop-

9.

kins, IV, 37n, Michelangeto.

10.

23. Ibid., 38.

11.

24. In Symonds, Michelangelo, 7.

12.

25. Cellini, Autobiography, i, 13.

13.

26. Symonds, Mich,, 134

14.

27. Ibid., 44.

15.

28. Ibid., 45.

29. Maulde, 3'. 3.

16.

30. Symonds, Mich., 58.

17.

31. Vasari, IV, 59.

18,

82. Symonds, 70.

19.

33. Ibid , 100.

20.

34. Cellini.' i, 12.

21.

35. Condivi in Symonds, III.

36. Symonds, 125.

22.

37. Vasari, IV, 89.

23.

38. Condivi in Sjmonds, 139.

24,

39 Fame, E., Spirit of Forms, 139.

30.

40. V^ssari, IV, 91.

3).

CHAPTER XVIII

I. Montalembert, Monks of the
West, I, 81.
. Roscoe, Lorenzo, 285.
3. Ouicciardini, VI, 114.

32.
33.
34,
85.
36.

Roscoe, Leo X, I, 344.
Ouicciardini, VII, 68.
Ibid,, VI, 117.
Crieghton, IV, 182.
Cambridge Modern Bistory, II,
14 ; .Oregorovius, Bistory, of
City of Rome, Villa, 294; Creig-
hton, IV, 181n. AH these rest
on the Relazione of Marino
Giorgio, the Venetian ambas-
sador, and on Prato's Storia
Milanese ; probable but inconcl-
usive, since, since Giorgio did
not take up residence in Rome
till 1615.
Poitor, VIII, 391.
Ibid.
Ibid., 84,

RoECoe, Leo X, II, 259.
Ibid., 388; Pastor, VIII, 79.
Muatz, Raphael, 409.
Taine' Italy : Rome and Naples,
185.

Pastor, VIII 74.
Roscce, II, 391.
Burckhardt, 185.
Pastor, VIII, 160, 162.
Ibid., 163-4

lanciani, Golden Days of the
Renaissance in Rome, 321,
Burckhsrdt, 387.
Gifgorovius Villa, 4C7.
Lanciani, 58.

RoEcoe, II, 87; Pastor, V11I, 127.
Oregorovius, Villa, 202.
Lanciani, 108.
Pastor, VIII, 121.
Carlwriglt, Isabella,]], 116.
Oregorovius, Villa, 209, 311.
Rashdall, H,, Universities of Eur-
cpe in the M. A., II, 39.

Y^o

37. Rouoe, I, 342.
38. Huizinga, Waning of the Middlt
Age, 62.

39. Patter, VIII, 2*8.

40. Roccoe, I, 3S7.

41. Ibid., 287.

42. Ibid.

43. Maulde, 432.

44. Roscoe , II, 173.

45. Muntz, Raphael, 405 ; Syraands,
Italian Llteratart, Ii, 147.

46. Roscoe, II, 299-802; Postor,
VIII, 238.

47. Ibid., 270.

48. Roscpe, II, 176.

49. Ibid., 110 ; Pastor, VIII, 184.

60. Roscoe, II, 110.

61. In Sjrmouda, Revival, 499.

52. Ibid., 600.

53. Ibid., 603.

54. Ibid, 476.

55. Lancuni, Ancient Rente, 1954f.

56. In Postor VIII, 362.

57. Syinonds, Michelangelo, 195.
69. Pastor, VIII, 435.

60. Symods, 219.

61. Ibid., 51.

62. Ibid., 62.

63. Vasari, IV, 813.
64., Ibid., 218.

«5. Ibid., 212.

66. Sy moods, Eint Arts, 268.
«7. Symendi, Michel., 203.
«6. Ibid , 529.

69. 535.

70. 149.

71. Muntz, Raphael, 421.

72. Ibid., 422.

73. 4-26.

74. Ibid.

76. Vasari, II.247-9. Raphael.

76. Wmckelmann, History oJAncUnt
Art. II, 316.

77. Miiatz, Raphael, 462.

78. Roscoe, Leo, X, I. 317.

79. Laaciani, Golden Days, 279-80

80. Fricdlander, II, 136; Pastor,
VIII.

81. Fricdlander. I.e.

82. Ibid., 157.

83. Lanclanl Qe'-dtn Dans 302.

84. Muntz, Raphael, 401.

85. Time Magazine April 30, 1961,

86. Vasari, II, 238.

87. Lanciani, 230.

88. Vasari, 11, 341.

89. Ibid , 247.

90. Matt 17 : 1-3, 14f.

91. Vasari, II, 247.

92 In Mantegna L'oeuvre,latrod., jr.

93. Quicciardini, VII, 287; VIII, 11.

94. Ibid.. VI, 412.

95. Ibid., VII, ISO; Roscoe, Leo
X, II, 200.

96. Cf. Ranbe.aufory of the Popes,
I, 809.

97. Pastor VIII, 81, 161.
93. Thrompson, ]. W., 423.
99. Pastor, VIII, 81, 151.

100. Ibid., 102.

101. 63-5.

102. Thompson, 423.

103. Pastor, VIII, 460.

104. Young, Medici, S96.
106. Pattor, VIII, 190.